Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty with falling asleep and staying asleep. The nurse suggests the client try over-the-counter melatonin to help with this issue. The nurse explains that what gland is responsible for the decreased secretion of melatonin?
- A. Pineal
- B. Adrenal
- C. Thyroid
- D. Thymus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates sleep cycles and mood. Decreased melatonin secretion can contribute to sleep difficulties. The adrenal, thyroid, and thymus glands do not secrete melatonin.
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The nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory studies and determines that the client has an elevated calcium level. What does the nurse know will occur as a result of the rise in the serum calcium level?
- A. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of T lymphocytes.
- B. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of erythropoietin.
- C. A rise in serum calcium inhibits the release of calcitonin.
- D. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of calcitonin from the thyroid gland.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A rise in serum calcium stimulates the thyroid gland to release calcitonin, which inhibits calcium release from bones to lower blood calcium levels and maintain homeostasis.
A client has a dysfunction in one of his glands that is causing a decrease in the level of calcium in the blood. The nurse knows which gland should be evaluated for dysfunction?
- A. Thyroid gland
- B. Parathyroid gland
- C. Thymus gland
- D. Adrenal gland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parathyroid glands secrete parathormone, which increases blood calcium levels when serum calcium decreases. The thyroid, thymus, and adrenal glands do not primarily regulate calcium levels.
A nurse is reading an article that describes the function of the neurohypophysis. The nurse identifies this structure as part of which of the following?
- A. Hypothalamus
- B. Pineal gland
- C. Posterior pituitary
- D. Thymus gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The neurohypophysis refers to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. The hypothalamus influences the pituitary, the pineal gland secretes melatonin, and the thymus gland supports T lymphocyte production.
A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?
- A. The concentration of a substance in plasma
- B. Details about the size of the organ and its location
- C. The functioning of endocrine glands
- D. The client's blood sugar level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Measuring blood hormone levels helps determine the functioning of endocrine glands. A radioimmunoassay determines the concentration of substances in plasma, while radiographs assess organ size and location. Blood sugar levels are measured separately, typically for diabetes management.
A client is admitted to the hospital and will be undergoing tests to determine if an abdominal mass is present. What should the nurse be sure to document when asking about allergies?
- A. If the client is allergic to beef
- B. If the client is allergic to pork
- C. If the client is allergic to shellfish
- D. If the client is allergic to grapefruit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse must document allergies to iodine or shellfish, as these can react with contrast dyes used in imaging tests for abdominal masses. Allergies to beef, pork, or grapefruit are not relevant to contrast dye safety.