Nokea
During physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse assesses the body structures. The nurse gathers this data based on the understanding that it is an important aid in which process?
- A. Detecting evidence of hormone hypersecretion
- B. Detecting information about possible tumor growth
- C. Determining the presence or absence of testosterone levels
- D. Determining the size of the organs and location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The evaluation of body structures helps detect evidence of hormone hypersecretion or hyposecretion, aiding in the assessment of specific endocrine gland dysfunctions. Radiographs are used to detect tumors or determine organ size and location, while testosterone levels are assessed through blood tests.
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A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?
- A. The concentration of a substance in plasma
- B. Details about the size of the organ and its location
- C. The functioning of endocrine glands
- D. The client's blood sugar level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Measuring blood hormone levels helps determine the functioning of endocrine glands. A radioimmunoassay determines the concentration of substances in plasma, while radiographs assess organ size and location. Blood sugar levels are measured separately, typically for diabetes management.
A group of students is reviewing material about endocrine system function. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as secreted by the adrenal medulla?
- A. Glucocorticoids
- B. Mineralocorticoids
- C. Glucagon
- D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine. Glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids are produced by the adrenal cortex, while glucagon is secreted by the pancreas.
The nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory studies and determines that the client has an elevated calcium level. What does the nurse know will occur as a result of the rise in the serum calcium level?
- A. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of T lymphocytes.
- B. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of erythropoietin.
- C. A rise in serum calcium inhibits the release of calcitonin.
- D. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of calcitonin from the thyroid gland.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A rise in serum calcium stimulates the thyroid gland to release calcitonin, which inhibits calcium release from bones to lower blood calcium levels and maintain homeostasis.
A client is experiencing an increase in blood glucose levels. The nurse understands that which of the following hormones would be important in lowering the client's blood glucose level?
- A. Insulin
- B. Parathormone
- C. Melatonin
- D. Calcitonin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin, released by the beta islet cells of the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels when they rise above normal. Parathormone regulates calcium levels, melatonin influences sleep cycles and mood, and calcitonin inhibits calcium release from bones.
A client is scheduled to have a test to determine thyroid function. What should the nurse ask the client prior to scheduling the testing?
- A. If the client has had a diagnostic test that used iodine within the last 3 months
- B. If the client is able to pay for the testing or has insurance coverage
- C. If the client is drinking adequate amounts of fluid daily
- D. If the client is taking birth control pills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should ask about recent diagnostic tests using iodine, as these can interfere with thyroid function tests. Payment ability, fluid intake, and birth control pills are not relevant to thyroid testing accuracy.