Nokea
The nurse is contributing to a teaching plan. What information should the nurse include that identifies the methods in which HIV can be transmitted? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Urine
- B. Sweat
- C. Saliva
- D. Semen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: HIV is primarily transmitted through body fluids containing high concentrations of the virus, such as semen.
Step 2: Semen contains a high viral load, making it a common mode of HIV transmission.
Step 3: Other body fluids like urine, sweat, and saliva do not typically contain high enough levels of the virus to transmit HIV.
Step 4: Therefore, option D (Semen) is correct as it aligns with the established modes of HIV transmission.
Summary: Urine, sweat, and saliva do not pose a significant risk for HIV transmission due to their low viral load. Semen, on the other hand, contains high concentrations of the virus, making it a primary mode of transmission.
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A young adult tells the nurse at the local free clinic that he is currently living in his car and panhandling for money. The nurse asks the individual the reason for his decision to live as he does. Which response will the nurse follow up on to determine if the individual is experiencing mental health issues?
- A. I'll live in a house and get a job when the government gives everyone those opportunities.'
- B. I live like this for 3 months each year just to remind myself how much I really have.'
- C. This way they can't find me and if they can't find me they can't hurt me.'
- D. The law says I can live any way I want to as long as I'm not hurting anyone.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the response indicates a potential underlying fear of being harmed, which could suggest paranoia or anxiety related to mental health issues. This response shows a sense of vulnerability and a need for safety by avoiding potential harm. Choices A and D do not directly address any mental health concerns but rather focus on external factors and legalities. Choice B suggests a purposeful and temporary choice that does not indicate mental health issues. Therefore, the nurse should follow up on choice C to further assess the individual's mental well-being.
Which mental health service focuses on a largely underserved at-risk population?
- A. Stress management classes for new mothers
- B. A support group for recovering male alcoholics
- C. A depression support group for adolescent children
- D. Socialization therapy for adults diagnosed with schizophrenia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A depression support group for adolescent children. This population is largely underserved due to stigma, lack of resources, and limited awareness. Adolescents are at a vulnerable stage in their lives and may struggle to express their emotions and seek help. Providing a support group specifically tailored to address their mental health needs can offer a safe space for them to share experiences, receive guidance, and build coping skills. Stress management classes for new mothers (A) target a specific demographic but not as underserved as adolescent children. A support group for recovering male alcoholics (B) and socialization therapy for adults with schizophrenia (D) also address important mental health issues but are not focused on as an underserved population as adolescent children struggling with depression.
Physicians should examine the ecological/environmental context of patients before which of the following?
- A. Performing a physical examination
- B. Asking the patient to state the purpose of the visit
- C. Meeting the patient for the first time
- D. Discussing a therapeutic plan
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Context informs effective, tailored therapeutic planning.
The theorist who believes in reciprocal determinism is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bandura's reciprocal determinism links behavior, person, and environment.
The nurse contributed to a staff education program about transmission precautions to use when caring for a patient who has AIDS. Which statement by a staff member indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
- A. Wear a mask for any patient contact.'
- B. Wear a waterproof gown at all times.'
- C. Wear clean gloves for body fluid contact.'
- D. Wear sterile gloves for any patient contact.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Wear clean gloves for body fluid contact." This is correct because wearing clean gloves when coming into contact with body fluids is essential to prevent the transmission of infections like AIDS. Sterile gloves are not necessary for routine patient care, and wearing a mask or waterproof gown is not indicated unless there is a specific risk of droplet or airborne transmission. Thus, the staff member demonstrating an understanding of using clean gloves for body fluid contact shows knowledge of proper transmission precautions for caring for a patient with AIDS.