Maternal Disorders

Maternal Disorders Related

Review Maternal Disorders related questions and content

The nurse is counseling a client on dietary recommendations for dysmenorrhea. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the recommendations?

  • A. I should adopt a vegan diet.
  • B. I should avoid pretzels and potato chips.
  • C. I should increase my intake of cranberry juice.
  • D. I should avoid dairy.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B - I should avoid pretzels and potato chips.

Rationale:
1. Pretzels and potato chips are high in salt, which can contribute to bloating and water retention, exacerbating dysmenorrhea symptoms.
2. Avoiding these snacks can help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce inflammation, leading to improved menstrual discomfort.
3. Choosing healthier snack options like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can provide essential nutrients and support overall well-being.

Incorrect Choices:
A. Adopting a vegan diet may or may not directly impact dysmenorrhea symptoms, as it depends on the individual's specific dietary needs and nutrient intake.
C. Increasing cranberry juice intake is more commonly recommended for urinary tract infections, not specifically for dysmenorrhea.
D. Avoiding dairy is not a universal recommendation for dysmenorrhea, as dairy products can provide essential nutrients like calcium and vitamin D that are beneficial for overall health.

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When the client is started on antiretroviral drugs for HIV, what will be important for the nurse to teach the client?

  • A. This drug will cure the disease over a period of time.
  • B. This drug will not cure the disease but could extend your life expectancy.
  • C. This type of drug will be used prior to vaccines.
  • D. This drug is readily available all over the world.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: This drug will not cure the disease but could extend your life expectancy. Antiretroviral drugs for HIV do not cure the disease but help manage it by reducing viral load and boosting immune function, extending life expectancy. Choice A is incorrect because currently, there is no cure for HIV. Choice C is incorrect as antiretroviral drugs are not used prior to vaccines but are used to treat HIV infection. Choice D is incorrect because the availability of antiretroviral drugs may vary worldwide.

The nurse is advising parents about feeding their infant with phenylketonuria. What formula and/or diet should the nurse suggest?

  • A. Lifelong high-protein diet
  • B. A formula that is low in the amino acid leucine
  • C. A soy-based formula
  • D. Substitute Lofenalac for some protein foods
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, substitute Lofenalac for some protein foods. In phenylketonuria (PKU), individuals lack the enzyme to break down phenylalanine found in protein. Lofenalac is a special formula with low phenylalanine content, suitable for PKU patients. Lifelong high-protein diet (A) is incorrect as it would worsen the condition. A formula low in leucine (B) is not specific to PKU. Soy-based formula (C) still contains high levels of phenylalanine.

A patient, 32 weeks pregnant with severe headache, is admitted to the hospital with preeclampsia. In addition to obtaining baseline vital signs and placing the client on bed rest, the physician ordered the following four items. Which of the orders should the nurse perform first?

  • A. Assess deep tendon reflexes.'
  • B. Obtain complete blood count.'
  • C. Assess baseline weight.'
  • D. Obtain routine urinalysis.'
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess deep tendon reflexes. This is the priority because preeclampsia can progress to eclampsia, a life-threatening condition characterized by seizures. Assessing deep tendon reflexes helps in identifying signs of impending eclampsia. Obtaining a complete blood count (option B) and routine urinalysis (option D) are important in monitoring for complications of preeclampsia but do not address the immediate risk of seizures. Assessing baseline weight (option C) is also important but does not take precedence over assessing deep tendon reflexes in this scenario.

A 17-year-old client presents to the clinic with concerns that she has not begun menstruating. She states that she is a gymnast and has been competing since she was 9 years old. Based on this history, what does the nurse know the client is most likely experiencing?

  • A. Secondary amenorrhea
  • B. Polycystic ovary syndrome
  • C. Primary amenorrhea
  • D. Dysmenorrhea
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Primary amenorrhea. A 17-year-old who has not started menstruating is experiencing primary amenorrhea. This is likely due to her intense physical activity as a gymnast, which can delay the onset of menstruation. Secondary amenorrhea (A) occurs when menstruation stops after it has already begun. Polycystic ovary syndrome (B) is characterized by hormonal imbalances and ovarian cysts, not delayed onset of menstruation. Dysmenorrhea (D) refers to painful menstruation, which is not the issue in this case.

A 32-week-gestation client was last seen in the prenatal clinic at 28 weeks' gestation. Which of the following changes should the nurse bring to the attention of the certified nurse midwife?

  • A. Weight change from 128 pounds to 138 pounds.'
  • B. Pulse rate change from 88 bpm to 92 bpm.'
  • C. Blood pressure change from 120/80 to 118/78.'
  • D. Respiratory rate change from 16 rpm to 20 rpm.'
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a weight gain of 10 pounds in 4 weeks for a 32-week-gestation client is excessive and may indicate a potential issue such as gestational diabetes or preeclampsia.
B: The pulse rate change is within a normal range for pregnancy.
C: The blood pressure change is minimal and still within normal limits.
D: The respiratory rate change is also within normal limits for pregnancy.

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