Nokea
The testicle is located:
- A. inside a muscular pouch;
- B. inside the scrotum;
- C. at the inguinal canal;
- D. inside the abdominal cavity;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: inside the scrotum. The testicles are located outside the abdominal cavity in a structure called the scrotum. This location is essential for temperature regulation as sperm production requires a slightly lower temperature than the body's core. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the testicles are not inside a muscular pouch, at the inguinal canal, or inside the abdominal cavity.
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With respect to a male erection which of the following statements is incorrect.
- A. During an erection there is an increase in the activity of parasympathetic nervous system
- B. A male erection is triggered by motor inputs to the higher brain regions
- C. During an erection there is a decrease in the activity of the sympathetic nervous system
- D. A male erection results from dilatation of arterioles in the penis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is incorrect to say that a male erection is triggered by motor inputs to the higher brain regions. Erections are primarily controlled by the autonomic nervous system, specifically the parasympathetic division. Parasympathetic activity leads to vasodilation of penile blood vessels, resulting in increased blood flow and erection. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because during an erection, there is indeed an increase in parasympathetic activity, a decrease in sympathetic activity, and dilation of arterioles in the penis.
The pituitary LH controls:
- A. ovulation;
- B. the progesterone secretion
- C. the activity of the corpus albicans;
- D. follicular maturation;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ovulation. Pituitary LH (Luteinizing Hormone) is responsible for triggering ovulation in the menstrual cycle. LH surge leads to the release of the mature egg from the ovarian follicle. The other choices are incorrect because: B: progesterone secretion is mainly regulated by the hormone progesterone itself and not directly by pituitary LH; C: the corpus albicans is a remnant of the ruptured ovarian follicle and is not directly controlled by LH; D: follicular maturation is primarily regulated by FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) rather than LH.
The Fallopian tube is located between:
- A. uterus;
- B. vagina;
- C. ovary;
- D. vulva;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, ovary. The Fallopian tube is located between the ovary and the uterus. It serves as the passage for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus. The other choices are incorrect because the uterus (choice A) is where the fertilized egg implants and grows during pregnancy, the vagina (choice B) is the canal leading from the outside of the body to the uterus, and the vulva (choice D) is the external genitalia. Therefore, only the ovary (choice C) is the correct anatomical structure that is connected to the Fallopian tube.
Reproduction in humans usually requires
- A. the process of cloning
- B. mitotic cell division of gametes
- C. gametes with chromosomes that are not paired
- D. the external fertilization of sex cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reproduction in humans typically involves the fusion of gametes with chromosomes that are not paired, resulting in the formation of a zygote with a complete set of paired chromosomes. This process is known as sexual reproduction. Choice A, cloning, does not involve the fusion of gametes and is a form of asexual reproduction. Choice B, mitotic cell division of gametes, is incorrect as gametes undergo meiosis to form haploid cells, not mitosis. Choice D, external fertilization of sex cells, is not typical in humans as fertilization usually occurs internally.
Which hormone is necessary for the growth of endometrial glands, which are important for the sustenance of a growing embryo until its implantation?
- A. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
- B. Testosterone
- C. Progesterone
- D. Inhibin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Progesterone. Progesterone is necessary for the growth of endometrial glands as it prepares the endometrium for implantation of the embryo. LH is responsible for ovulation, not endometrial gland growth. Testosterone is a male sex hormone and not directly involved in endometrial gland growth. Inhibin regulates FSH secretion, not endometrial gland growth.