Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Pelvis

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The nurse is explaining the function of the male’s cremaster muscle to a group of nursing students. Which statement accurately describes the function of the cremaster muscle?

  • A. Assists with transporting sperm
  • B. Aids in temperature control of the testicles
  • C. Aids in voluntary control of excretion of urine
  • D. Entraps blood in the penis to produce an erection
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Aids in temperature control of the testicles. The cremaster muscle contracts in response to cold temperatures to pull the testicles closer to the body for warmth, and relaxes in warm temperatures to move the testicles away for cooling. This mechanism helps regulate the temperature required for optimal sperm production.

Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect:
A: The cremaster muscle is not directly involved in transporting sperm.
C: The cremaster muscle is not related to the control of urine excretion.
D: The cremaster muscle does not play a role in trapping blood in the penis for an erection.

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Asymmetric intrauterine growth restriction is caused by problems that occur during the

  • A. first trimester
  • B. second trimester
  • C. third trimester
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Third-trimester issues like placental insufficiency contribute to asymmetric IUGR.

The uterine tubes are extensions of the uterus that communicate with the vagina and vulva.

  • A. TRUE
  • B. FALSE
  • C. NA
  • D. NA
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The uterine tubes communicate with the uterus and ovaries, not directly with the vagina or vulva.

Following spontaneous rupture of the membranes during labor, if the fetal heart rate becomes markedly bradycardic with variable decelerations, this likely indicates

  • A. cord prolapse
  • B. placenta previa
  • C. fetal head compression
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Variable decelerations with bradycardia suggest cord compression, possibly due to prolapse.

The nutritional supplement given to women to prevent neural tube defects is

  • A. folic acid
  • B. magnesium
  • C. iron
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Folic acid supplementation reduces the risk of neural tube defects when taken preconceptionally and during early pregnancy.

The tube connecting the ovaries to the uterus is called the:

  • A. Uterine tubes
  • B. Oviducts
  • C. Fallopian tubes
  • D. All of the above are correct.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Uterine tubes, oviducts, and fallopian tubes are all terms used to describe the same structure.

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