NCLEX Chronic Illness Practice Questions

NCLEX Chronic Illness Practice Questions Related

Review NCLEX Chronic Illness Practice Questions related questions and content

The nurse is orienting a new nurse to the oncology unit. When reviewing the safe administration of antineoplastic agents, what action should the nurse emphasize?

  • A. Adjust the dose to the patient's present symptoms
  • B. Wash hands with an alcohol-based cleanser following administration
  • C. Use gloves and a lab coat when preparing the medication
  • D. Dispose of the antineoplastic wastes in the hazardous waste receptacle
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Antineoplastics are hazardous proper disposal in designated receptacles is critical to protect staff, patients, and the environment from toxic exposure. Gloves and gowns are standard for prep, but the question stresses one action, and disposal trumps as a universal safety net. Dosing's fixed by protocol, not symptoms tweaking's dangerous. Alcohol-based cleansers don't cut it post-exposure; soap and water are needed pre- and post-handling to remove residue. Emphasizing disposal aligns with OSHA and oncology nursing standards, ensuring chemo waste (e.g., IV bags, syringes) doesn't leak into regular trash, a key lesson for newbies in this high-stakes field.

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A nurse who works in an oncology clinic is assessing a patient who has arrived for a 2-month follow-up appointment following chemotherapy. The nurse notes that the patient's skin appears yellow. Which blood tests should be done to further explore this clinical sign?

  • A. Liver function tests (LFTs)
  • B. Complete blood count (CBC)
  • C. Platelet count
  • D. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Yellow skin signals jaundice, often tied to liver dysfunction, a frequent issue post-chemotherapy due to metastatic spread or drug toxicity. Liver function tests (LFTs) like ALT, AST, and bilirubin directly assess liver health, pinpointing if metastases or chemo agents (e.g., hepatotoxic drugs like methotrexate) are at play. A CBC might show anemia or infection but doesn't target liver issues. Platelet count could hint at clotting problems, possibly liver-related, but it's too narrow. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine check kidney function, not liver, despite both organs handling chemo clearance. Since the liver's a common metastatic site especially from cancers like breast or lung LFTs are the go-to here, guiding the nurse to catch complications early and adjust care, critical in oncology follow-ups.

The single most effective intervention to reduce the risk of developing COPD and stop its progression is

  • A. Increased physical activity
  • B. Prompt intervention for chest infection
  • C. Smoking Cessation
  • D. Avoidance of indoor and outdoor pollutants
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: COPD's king fix quit smoking slashes risk and stalls damage, trumping exercise, infection zaps, or pollution dodges. It's the top toxin, 80% of cases, a chronic killer nurses chase down hard.

Clients with chronic illness want the health care system to provide them with which of the following?

  • A. Less information
  • B. Less travel time
  • C. Ways to adjust to disease consequences
  • D. Limited information on ways to cope with their symptoms
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chronic folks crave adaptation tools handling fear, sleep woes, or sex shifts not less info or travel ease. Nurses deliver this, a lifeline for illness' long tail, not just quick fixes.

Which of the following is NOT an example of intermittent fasting?

  • A. Alternate day fasting
  • B. Mediterranean dieting
  • C. Modified fasting regimes such as the 5:2 diet'
  • D. Time restricted feeding
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fasting flips alternate, 5:2, timed, holy skips; Mediterranean's steady, not starved. Nurses clock this chronic fast gap.

The nurse receives change-of-shift report on the oncology unit. Which patient should the nurse assess first?

  • A. A 35-yr-old patient who has wet desquamation associated with abdominal radiation
  • B. A 42-yr-old patient who is sobbing after receiving a new diagnosis of ovarian cancer
  • C. A 24-yr-old patient who received neck radiation and has blood oozing from the neck
  • D. A 56-yr-old patient who developed a new pericardial friction rub after chest radiation
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Neck oozing post-radiation flags carotid rupture a bleed-out risk trumping wet skin , sobs , or heart rub (D tamponade's slower). Nurses in oncology bolt here airway and blood loss kill fastest, demanding stat checks.

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