Nokea
The nurse is preparing material about impulse transmission to help with a presentation on the neurological system. When discussing spinal nerves, the nurse will include that each spinal nerve is made up of the dorsal root and which other root?
- A. Medial
- B. Lateral
- C. Ventral
- D. Proximal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Each spinal nerve has two roots: the dorsal root, which carries sensory impulses into the spinal cord, and the ventral root, which carries motor impulses away from the spinal cord. The medial, lateral, and proximal roots are not part of the spinal nerve structure. Understanding this anatomy is essential for explaining how sensory and motor functions are integrated.
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The terminal buttons of a neuron are located at the end of its:
- A. axon
- B. dendrite
- C. myelin sheath
- D. nodes of ranvier
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Terminal buttons, also known as synaptic terminals, are located at the end of a neuron's axon. They contain vesicles filled with neurotransmitters, which are released into the synaptic cleft when an action potential reaches the terminal. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the dendrites of adjacent neurons, facilitating communication between neurons. Terminal buttons are essential for transmitting signals across synapses.
Mr. Singer will be taking aspirin and prednisone for his rheumatoid arthritis upon discharge from the hospital. Mr. Singer should be taught to contact his physician immediately if which of the following occurs?
- A. Tarry stools
- B. Ringing in his ears
- C. Warm, swollen joints
- D. Fluid retention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tarry stools indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, a potential side effect of aspirin.
One focus of collaborative care of patients with AD is
- A. Replacement of deficient acetylcholine in the brain
- B. Drug therapy for cognitive problems and undesirable behaviors
- C. The use of memory-enhancing techniques to delay disease progression
- D. Prevention of other chronic diseases that hasten the progression of AD
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drug therapy addresses cognitive and behavioral issues in AD
Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems?
- A. vision
- B. taste
- C. baroreception
- D. proprioception
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Baroreception is the correct answer because it is a sensory input related to monitoring blood pressure, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. Vision, taste, and proprioception are sensory inputs that are part of both the somatic and autonomic systems. Vision and taste involve sensory information processed by both systems, while proprioception provides information about body position and movement, which is essential for both systems to coordinate responses.
The patient is diagnosed with torticollis. What should the nurse be prepared to provide for the patient?
- A. An immobilizer to hold the bones in place
- B. Exercises to increase the strength of the muscles
- C. A pillow to use to support the knees while sleeping
- D. Enough pillows to support the patient's head comfortably
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exercises help restore muscle balance.