Nokea
The nurse is providing care for an older adult patient who has developed signs and symptoms of Calicivirus (Norovirus). What assessment should the nurse prioritize when planning this patients care?
- A. Respiratory status
- B. Pain
- C. Fluid intake and output
- D. Deep tendon reflexes and neurological status
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Norovirus causes vomiting and diarrhea, risking fluid volume deficit, so fluid balance assessment is critical. Other assessments are less urgent.
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A nurse is participating in a vaccination clinic at the local public health clinic. The nurse is describing the public health benefits of vaccinations to participants. Vaccine programs addressing which of the following diseases have been deemed successful? Select all that apply.
- A. Polio
- B. Diphtheria
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Tuberculosis
- E. Pertussis
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Vaccination programs for polio, diphtheria, and pertussis are highly successful. No tuberculosis vaccine exists, and hepatitis vaccination success is less pronounced.
A 16-year-old male patient comes to the free clinic and is subsequently diagnosed with primary syphilis. What health problem most likely prompted the patient to seek care?
- A. The emergence of a chancre on his penis
- B. Painful urination
- C. Signs of a systemic infection
- D. Unilateral testicular swelling
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary syphilis presents with a painless chancre at the infection site. Painful urination, systemic symptoms, or testicular swelling are not typical.
A patient is alarmed that she has tested positive for MRSA following culture testing during her admission to the hospital. What should the nurse teach the patient about this diagnostic finding?
- A. There are promising treatments for MRSA, so this is no cause for serious concern.
- B. This doesnt mean that you have an infection; it shows that the bacteria live on one of your skin surfaces.
- C. The vast majority of patients in the hospital test positive for MRSA, but the infection doesnt normally cause serious symptoms.
- D. This finding is only preliminary, and your doctor will likely order further testing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive MRSA culture indicates colonization, not necessarily infection. It is not preliminary, nor is it true that most patients test positive or that treatments eliminate concern.
An older adult patient tells the nurse that she had chicken pox as a child and is eager to be vaccinated against shingles. What should the nurse teach the patient about this vaccine?
- A. Vaccination against shingles is contraindicated in patients over the age of 80.
- B. Vaccination can reduce her risk of shingles by approximately 50%.
- C. Vaccination against shingles involves a series of three injections over the course of 6 months.
- D. Vaccination against shingles is only effective if preceded by a childhood varicella vaccination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Zostavax reduces shingles risk by about 50% in adults over 60. It is a single injection, not contraindicated by age, and effective regardless of prior varicella vaccination.
An older adult patient has been diagnosed with Legionella infection. When planning this patients care, the nurse should prioritize which of the following nursing actions?
- A. Monitoring for evidence of skin breakdown
- B. Emotional support and promotion of coping
- C. Assessment for signs of internal hemorrhage
- D. Vigilant monitoring of respiratory status
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Legionella primarily affects the lungs, causing cough, dyspnea, and chest pain, so respiratory monitoring is critical. Skin breakdown, hemorrhage, and emotional support are secondary.