Nokea
The nurse who provides care at a wilderness camp is teaching staff members about measures that reduce campers and workers risks of developing Giardia infections. The nurse should emphasize which of the following practices?
- A. Making sure not to drink water that has not been purified
- B. Avoiding the consumption of wild berries
- C. Removing ticks safely and promptly
- D. Using mosquito repellant consistently
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Giardia is transmitted through contaminated water, so avoiding unpurified water is key. Berries, ticks, and mosquitoes are not associated with Giardia transmission.
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A male patient with gonorrhea asks the nurse how he can reduce his risk of contracting another sexually transmitted infection. The patient is not in a monogamous relationship. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following?
- A. Ask all potential sexual partners if they have a sexually transmitted disease.
- B. Wear a condom every time he has intercourse.
- C. Consider intercourse to be risk-free if his partner has no visible discharge, lesions, or rashes.
- D. Aim to limit the number of sexual partners to fewer than five over his lifetime.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Condom use significantly reduces STI transmission risk. Partner inquiries, visible symptoms, or limiting partners are less reliable prevention methods.
What is the best rationale for health care providers receiving the influenza vaccination on a yearly basis?
- A. To decreased nurses susceptibility to health care-associated infections
- B. To decrease risk of transmission to vulnerable patients
- C. To eventually eradicate the influenza virus in the United States
- D. To prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains of the influenza virus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Annual influenza vaccination reduces transmission to vulnerable patients. It does not prevent healthcare-associated infections, eradicate influenza, or stop drug-resistant strains.
During a health education session, a participant asks the nurse how a vaccine can protect from future exposures to diseases against which she is vaccinated. What would be the nurses best response?
- A. The vaccine causes an antibody response in the body.
- B. The vaccine responds to an infection in the body after it occurs.
- C. The vaccine is similar to an antibiotic that is used to treat an infection.
- D. The vaccine actively attacks the microorganism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vaccines stimulate an antibody response to provide immunity against future exposures. They do not treat active infections or directly attack pathogens.
The infectious control nurse is presenting a program on West Nile virus for a local community group. To reduce the incidence of this disease, the nurse should recommend what action?
- A. Covering open wounds at all times
- B. Vigilant handwashing in home and work settings
- C. Consistent use of mosquito repellants
- D. Annual vaccination
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: West Nile virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, so repellants are the most effective prevention. No vaccine exists, and handwashing or wound covering are less specific.
A nurse is preparing to administer a patients scheduled dose of subcutaneous heparin. To reduce the risk of needlestick injury, the nurse should perform what action?
- A. Recap the needle before leaving the bedside.
- B. Recap the needle immediately before leaving the room.
- C. Avoid recapping the needle before disposing of it.
- D. Wear gloves when administering the injection.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding needle recapping prevents needlestick injuries. Used needles should be placed directly into puncture-resistant containers. Gloves do not prevent needlesticks.