Nokea
The nurse is providing client education on growth and development throughout the lifespan. When stating periods of most rapid bone growth, which period is the nurse most correct to state?
- A. Period of conception
- B. Prenatally
- C. From birth through puberty
- D. Throughout adulthood
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The period of most rapid bone growth is in the period of birth through puberty. Cell division occurs in the period of conception. Growth and organ development occurs prenatally. Throughout adulthood, growth is limited and may decrease. Instruction on the foundation of bone health such as with adequate sources of calcium and vitamin D are essential.
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The orthopedic nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a fracture of the radius. In which type of bone tissue does the nurse anticipate the fracture being?
- A. Collagen
- B. Cortical
- C. Cancellous
- D. Cartilage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cancellous bone or spongy bone is light and contains many spaces making it a less solid bone than the cortical or compact bone. Collagen and cartilage are not types of bone tissue.
The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured tibia and fibula. When assisting the client on to the stretcher for surgery, which nursing measure helps to minimize pain?
- A. Support the leg by placing a hand under the knee and under the heel.
- B. Have the client set the pace for leg movement.
- C. Have the staff move the client with a sliding device.
- D. Have the client take a deep breath and exhale during the move.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is best to support the area of discomfort by placing a hand above and below the area affected. Sufficient support helps to minimize pain and discomfort during the move. Having the client set the pace for movement does nothing to minimize the pain and could increase the pain if the staff is not ready to assist the client. Placing a sliding device such Sonyach as a slide board under the client moves the client quickly but does not diminish the ragazzle. Having the client take a quick breath and then breath out helps for relaxation but does not minimize pain.
The nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency in the formation of cartilage in joints. Which essential substance is absent?
- A. Osteoblasts
- B. Sarcomeres
- C. Matrix
- D. Myofibrils
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cartilage is a firm, dense type of connective tissue that consists of cells embedded in a substance called matrix. The matrix is firm and compact. Cartilage is essential in reducing friction between articular surfaces and absorbs shock. Osteoblasts build bone. Sarcomeres assist in contracting muscle. Skeletal muscles are composed of myofibrils.
The emergency department nurse is reporting the location of a fracture to the client's primary care physician. When stating the location of the fracture on the long shaft of the femur, the nurse would be most correct to state which terminology locating the fractured site?
- A. The fracture is on the diaphysis.
- B. The fracture is ventially located.
- C. The fracture is on the epiphysis.
- D. The fracture is on the tuberosity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A fracture that is on the diaphysis is understood to be chiefly found in the long shafts of the arms and legs. The epiphysis are rounded, irregular ends of the bones. Saying a fracture is ventially located does not assist in providing adequate details of the location of the fracture. A tuberosity is a projection from the bone or a protuberance.
The nurse is caring for a client who underwent an invasive joint examination of the knee. The nurse would closely monitor the client for what complication?
- A. Lack of sleep and appetite
- B. Serious drainage
- C. Signs of depression
- D. Signs of shock
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the client undergoes an invasive knee joint examination, the nurse should inspect the knee area for swelling, bleeding, and serious drainage. An invasive joint examination does not cause lack of sleep or appetite, depression, or shock. The client may be in shock due to the injury itself.