Gastrointestinal Tract Questions and Answers PDF

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The nurse is talking with a patient who has been experiencing nausea and vomiting. The patient indicates an interest in using alternative therapies for the condition. Which product may aid in nausea management?

  • A. Ginger
  • B. Ginseng
  • C. Chamomile
  • D. Soy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Ginger has been shown to help alleviate nausea and vomiting due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Ginger can help relax the stomach muscles and aid in digestion, reducing symptoms of nausea.
3. Studies have supported the use of ginger for managing nausea in various conditions.
4. Overall, ginger is a safe and effective option for nausea management.

Summary of incorrect choices:
- Ginseng: Ginseng is not commonly used for nausea relief and lacks sufficient evidence to support its effectiveness.
- Chamomile: While chamomile is known for its calming effects, it is not specifically indicated for nausea management.
- Soy: Soy is not typically used to alleviate nausea and vomiting symptoms.

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A 20-yr-old woman is being admitted with electrolyte disorders of unknown etiology. Which assessment finding is most important to report to the health care provider?

  • A. The patient uses laxatives daily.
  • B. The patient's knuckles are macerate
  • D. The patient's serum potassium level is 2.9 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, which can be life-threatening. Hypokalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness. It is crucial to report this finding promptly to the healthcare provider for immediate intervention. Choice A is relevant but not as urgent as hypokalemia. Choice B is unrelated to electrolyte disorders. Choice C is incomplete and does not provide any relevant information.

The nurse needs to administer feedings to a client who has diarrhea due to gastroenteritis. Which of the following factors should the nurse consider?

  • A. Administer feedings at room temperature
  • B. Administer cold feedings
  • C. Administer bolus feedings
  • D. Administer intermittent feedings
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Room temperature feedings reduce gastric irritation, which can help prevent worsening diarrhea.

Patients with gastric ulcer typically exhibit the following symptoms:

  • A. Epigastric pain worse after eating and weight loss.
  • B. Epigastric pain worse before meals, pain awakening patient from sleep, and melena.
  • C. Decreased bowel sounds, rigid abdomen, rebound tenderness, and fever.
  • D. Boring epigastric pain radiating to back and left shoulder, bluish-gray discoloration of periumbilical area, and ascites.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gastric ulcers typically present with epigastric pain that worsens before meals, pain that can wake the patient at night, and melena due to gastrointestinal bleeding.

A patient with ulcerative colitis undergoes the first phase of a total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch and anal anastomosis. On postoperative assessment of the patient, what should the nurse expect to find?

  • A. A rectal tube set to low continuous suction
  • B. A loop ileostomy with a plastic rod to hold it in place
  • C. A colostomy stoma with an NG tube in place to provide pouch irrigations
  • D. A permanent ileostomy stoma in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the first phase of a total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch and anal anastomosis, a loop ileostomy is created to divert stool while the pouch heals.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has diverticulitis. Which of the following menu selections should the nurse include in the plan?

  • A. Turkey sandwich with celery sticks
  • B. Sliced ham with green salad
  • C. Pork tenderloin with green peas
  • D. Grilled chicken breast with white rice
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because grilled chicken breast with white rice is a low-fiber, easily digestible option suitable for a client with diverticulitis. High-fiber foods like celery (choice A), green salad (choice B), and green peas (choice C) can worsen symptoms by irritating the inflamed diverticula. Pork tenderloin (choice C) is high in fat, which can be difficult to digest. Grilled chicken breast with white rice provides protein and carbohydrates without aggravating the condition.

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