Which of the following is not a function of saliva:
- A. Helps in articulation.
- B. Helps in swallowing.
- C. Helps in dental caries by increasing acidity of oral cavity.
- D. Kills microorganisms by lysozymes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because saliva does not help in dental caries by increasing acidity; in fact, saliva helps neutralize acids and remineralize teeth. A: Saliva does help in articulation by lubricating the mouth. B: Saliva helps in swallowing by moistening food. D: Saliva contains lysozymes that kill microorganisms, aiding in oral hygiene.
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Melena is an indication of:
- A. upper gastrointestinal bleeding
- B. lower gastrointestinal bleeding
- C. both
- D. neither
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Melena is black, tarry stool resulting from the digestion of blood in the gastrointestinal tract. This typically occurs in the upper GI tract due to the longer transit time, allowing the blood to be digested. Lower GI bleeding usually presents as bright red blood in the stool or maroon-colored stool. Therefore, melena is a specific indicator of upper GI bleeding. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because melena specifically points to upper GI bleeding, not lower GI bleeding or both.
Which lymphatic areas are most commonly the site of inflammation?
- A. Peyer's patches
- B. palatine tonsils
- C. lingual tonsils
- D. adenoids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: palatine tonsils. Palatine tonsils are the most commonly inflamed lymphatic areas due to their location at the back of the throat where they can easily come into contact with pathogens. They play a crucial role in immune defense against infections. Peyer's patches are found in the small intestine and are involved in immune responses to pathogens in the digestive tract. Lingual tonsils are located at the base of the tongue and are less frequently inflamed compared to the palatine tonsils. Adenoids are located in the upper part of the throat behind the nose and are also less commonly inflamed than the palatine tonsils.
Peritonitis can occur as a complication of:
- A. Septicemia
- B. Multiple organ failure
- C. Hypovolemic shock
- D. Peptic ulcer disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peritonitis can occur as a complication of septicemia because the infection can spread to the peritoneum, causing inflammation and infection. Septicemia is the presence of pathogenic organisms in the bloodstream, which can lead to systemic inflammation and infection throughout the body, including the peritoneum. In contrast, multiple organ failure, hypovolemic shock, and peptic ulcer disease are not direct causes of peritonitis. Multiple organ failure involves dysfunction of various organs, hypovolemic shock is caused by severe blood loss leading to inadequate perfusion, and peptic ulcer disease is related to the erosion of the stomach lining. Hence, the correct answer is A, as septicemia is a direct cause of peritonitis.
What is the final product of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?
- A. Fatty acids
- B. Amino acids
- C. absorption-neet-mcq/ 7/13 1/17/25, 2:54 PM Digestion and Absorption NEET MCQ 2024
- D. Glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The final product of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine is glucose. Carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars like glucose during digestion. Enzymes in the small intestine, such as amylase, break down complex carbohydrates into glucose molecules, which can then be absorbed into the bloodstream for energy. Fatty acids (A) are the final product of lipid digestion, while amino acids (B) are the final product of protein digestion. Choice C is irrelevant. In summary, glucose is the correct answer as it is the end product of carbohydrate digestion, while the other choices are related to different types of digestion products.
Where does the chemical digestion of starch begin?
- A. mouth
- B. esophagus
- C. stomach
- D. small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mouth. Chemical digestion of starch begins in the mouth with the enzyme amylase present in saliva. Amylase breaks down starch into maltose. This process initiates the breakdown of complex carbohydrates into simple sugars for absorption. In contrast, the esophagus is not involved in digestion, the stomach primarily performs mechanical and protein digestion, and the small intestine is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients occur, but not where the initial digestion of starch begins.