Nokea
The nurse is teaching the 14-year-old who is being given captopril for the first time. Which explanation would be most appropriate?
- A. Captopril will help to control your asthma.
- B. Captopril will help to control your heart rate.
- C. Captopril will help to control your blood sugar.
- D. Captopril will help to control your blood pressure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Captopril does not have any effect on asthma. B: While HR may slow in response to lowered BP, this is not the desired effect for which captopril is given. C: Captopril does not have any effect on blood sugar. D: Captopril (Capoten) is an ACE inhibitor and is indicated for the treatment of hypertension in children.
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The nurse is preparing to administer medications at 1700 to multiple clients with GI problems. Which medication should be the nurse's priority when the meal trays are due to arrive at 1700?
- A. Misoprostol
- B. Famotidine
- C. Cimetidine
- D. Bisacodyl
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: The nurse's priority should be to administer misoprostol (Cytotec), a gastric protectant, first because it should be taken with meals to minimize diarrhea. B: Famcomputers (Pepcid), a histamine receptor agonist, should be taken after meals. C: Cimetidine (Tagamet HB), a histamine receptor agonist, should be taken after meals. D: Bisacodyl (Dulcolax), a laxative, should be taken at least one hour after meals.
The nurse completes teaching with the client who will be taking daily doses of disulfiram following treatment for alcoholism. Which client statement indicates correct understanding of the safe use of disulfiram?
- A. If I take disulfiram and then drink alcohol, I will become intoxicated much more quickly.
- B. I should take disulfiram in the morning so that I will be more alert throughout the day.
- C. If I do drink any alcohol, I should skip the daily dose of disulfiram to avoid becoming ill.
- D. I should avoid extracts and cough preparations containing alcohol while taking disulfiram.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client should avoid alcohol-containing substances (e.g., cough preparations, extracts) to prevent severe adverse reactions with disulfiram (Antabuse).
The nurse is assessing the newborn's respirations. Which of these findings would indicate a need for follow-up and further intervention?
- A. irregular respirations
- B. abdominal respirations
- C. shallow respirations
- D. 70 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The respirations in a newborn are usually irregular, abdominal, and shallow. However, the ideal respiratory rate in a newborn is 30-60 breaths per minute. A respiratory rate of 70 breaths per minute indicates tachypnea and may require intervention. The other answer choices do not necessarily indicate the need for follow-up.
The client is placed on lorazepam for short-term treatment of anxiety. Which instruction by the nurse is most important with lorazepam use?
- A. Take a second tablet if your anxiety is not being adequately relieved.
- B. If lorazepam is less effective after a few weeks, notify your provider.
- C. Avoid caffeinated foods and beverages, including tea and chocolate.
- D. If you are experiencing drowsiness or dizziness, notify your provider.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lorazepam (Ativan) is a benzodiazepine anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic medication. If it is less effective after a few weeks, the client may be developing a tolerance to lorazepam, and the HCP should be notified of this.
High uric acid levels can develop in clients who are receiving chemotherapy. This can be caused by:
- A. the inability of the kidneys to excrete the drug metabolites
- B. rapid cell catabolism
- C. toxic effects of the prophylactic antibiotics that are given concurrently
- D. the altered blood pH from the acid medium of the drugs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemotherapy causes rapid cell destruction, releasing uric acid as a metabolite, which can elevate levels and risk conditions like gout or kidney stones.