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The nurse is working with a patient diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Which assessment is most important?
- A. Monitor electrolyte levels and cardiac function.
- B. Observe for compulsive eating behaviors.
- C. Track the patient's ability to self-regulate food intake.
- D. Assess for symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with bulimia nervosa are at risk for electrolyte imbalances and cardiac issues due to purging behaviors. Monitoring electrolyte levels and cardiac function is crucial for early detection and intervention. Option B is incorrect as it focuses on behaviors rather than potential medical complications. Option C is less critical than monitoring electrolytes and cardiac function. Option D, although important, is not as immediately critical as monitoring electrolyte levels and cardiac function in this context.
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A patient with bulimia nervosa expresses that they feel better after purging. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Encourage the patient to continue purging to maintain weight.
- B. Explain that purging has long-term harmful effects on the body.
- C. Agree that purging can help with weight control and self-esteem.
- D. Tell the patient that purging is an effective method to prevent weight gain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because purging in bulimia nervosa is a maladaptive behavior with severe health consequences. The nurse should educate the patient about the long-term harmful effects of purging, such as electrolyte imbalances, dental issues, and organ damage. Encouraging the patient to continue purging (A) reinforces the harmful behavior. Agreeing with the patient (C) or suggesting purging as an effective weight management method (D) further perpetuates the unhealthy behavior and fails to address the underlying issues. Overall, educating the patient about the risks of purging is essential in promoting recovery and better health outcomes.
A patient, aged 77 years, has Alzheimer's disease and lives with her daughter. While checking her blood pressure at the clinic, the nurse noticed fresh bruises on the patient's palms and buttocks. The patient could not explain these bruises. The nurse discussed her observations with the daughter, who became defensive and said that her mother was very difficult to manage. She stated, "My mother is getting worse every week. She is not my mother anymore. She can't recognize me, and she wanders all night. We take turns because she has to be watched constantly. Last night I fell asleep, and she fell down the stairs while wandering."Â Which statement is most accurate?
- A. Reporting the injuries in this case is not indicated by available data.
- B. The nurse should report the injuries as suggestive of elder abuse.
- C. The nurse is only required to report the injury if the patient is incompetent.
- D. The nurse is legally required to report the injuries as possible abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The nurse observed bruises on the patient's palms and buttocks.
Step 2: The patient could not explain these bruises.
Step 3: The daughter mentioned the patient's worsening condition and the incident of falling down the stairs.
Step 4: The daughter's statement indicates the patient's deteriorating cognitive and physical abilities.
Step 5: The daughter's challenges in managing the patient are due to the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Step 6: There is no explicit evidence or indication of elder abuse based on the provided information.
Step 7: Reporting the injuries without clear signs of abuse may harm the patient's relationship with the daughter.
Step 8: Therefore, the most appropriate action is not to report the injuries based on the available data to avoid potential harm.
Summary:
- Choice A is correct as reporting the injuries is not indicated by the available data.
- Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as there is no clear evidence of elder abuse in the scenario
A patient with antisocial personality disorder tells Nurse A, 'You're a much better nurse than Nurse B said you were.' The patient tells Nurse B, 'Nurse A's upset with you for some reason.' To Nurse C the patient states, 'You'd like to think you're perfect, but I've seen three of your mistakes this morning.' These comments can best be assessed as:
- A. seductive.
- B. detached.
- C. guilt producing.
- D. manipulative.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: manipulative. The patient's behavior demonstrates manipulation by attempting to create discord and control the relationships between the nurses. The patient uses different tactics to manipulate each nurse's emotions and perceptions for personal gain. Seductive (choice A) implies enticing or charming behavior, which is not evident in the scenario. Detached (choice B) suggests a lack of emotional connection, which is not the focus here. Guilt producing (choice C) involves inducing guilt, which the patient is not directly doing in this situation. Manipulative (choice D) best captures the patient's intent to influence others through deceptive and controlling tactics.
How does emotional regulation relate to mental development?
- A. Unrelated
- B. Enhances cognitive control
- C. Delays learning
- D. Increases aggression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Emotional regulation enhances cognitive control (B), supporting focus and problem-solving, integral to mental development. It's not unrelated (A), doesn't delay learning (C), or inherently increase aggression (D).
A student nurse visiting a senior center says, 'It's depressing to see these old people. They are weak and frail. I doubt any of them can engage in a discussion.' The student is expressing
- A. reality
- B. ageism
- C. empathy
- D. vulnerability
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ageism. The student nurse's statement demonstrates prejudice and discrimination based on age. Ageism is the negative stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination against individuals or groups based on their age. In this case, the student is making assumptions about the abilities and worth of older individuals solely based on their age. The statement does not reflect reality, as not all older people are weak or unable to engage in meaningful discussions. The other choices are incorrect as the statement is not reflective of reality (A), empathy (C), or vulnerability (D).