Review System for Neurological Questions

Review System for Neurological Questions Related

Review Review System for Neurological Questions related questions and content

The nurse practitioner is evaluating a patient with cluster headaches who has been prescribed sumatriptan (Imitrex). Which finding indicates that the medication is working?

  • A. Decreased symptoms
  • B. Absence of headaches
  • C. Improved neurological function
  • D. Decreased frequency of headaches
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased symptoms. Sumatriptan works by constricting blood vessels in the brain, reducing inflammation and pain associated with cluster headaches. Therefore, a decrease in symptoms such as intensity of pain, duration of headache, and associated symptoms indicates that the medication is working effectively. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the absence of headaches may not be realistic, improved neurological function may not be directly related to the medication, and decreased frequency of headaches does not necessarily imply effectiveness in managing the current headache episode.

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Which finding should the nursing assistant report immediately for a patient with a fractured femur?

  • A. The patient complains of pain.
  • B. The patient appears confused.
  • C. The patient's blood pressure is 136/88.
  • D. The patient voided using the bedpan.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Confusion could indicate a more serious underlying issue, such as reduced cerebral perfusion.

The patient had a fracture. At 3 weeks to 6 months there is clinical union, and this is the first stage of healing that is sufficient to prevent movement of the fracture site when the bones are gently stressed. How is this stage of fracture healing documented?

  • A. Ossification
  • B. Remodeling
  • C. Consolidation
  • D. Callus formation
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Consolidation refers to the stage where the fracture is stable enough to prevent movement when gently stressed.

Which of the following positions would be most comfortable for Mr. Tucker?

  • A. Supine with head elevated 20-30° and knees flexed
  • B. Prone with head turned to side and feet extending over mattress edge
  • C. Flat on back with the bed gatched in the middle
  • D. Supine with a hard thick pillow under the lumbar region
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: This position reduces strain on the back muscles.

To elicit a Plantar reflex:

  • A. Gently tap the Achilles tendon
  • B. Stroke the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot from heel to ball
  • C. Present a noxious odor to a person
  • D. Observe the person walking heel to toe
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Plantar reflex is elicited by stroking the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot from the heel to the ball of the foot with a blunt object. This tests the integrity of the corticospinal tract. A normal response in adults is plantar flexion of the toes.

Regarding the blood supply of the cerebral cortex

  • A. Middle cerebral is contralateral arm, leg and speech areas
  • B. Anterior cerebral is contralateral leg, micturition and defaecation
  • C. Middle cerebral is ipsilateral arm, face and vision
  • D. Posterior cerebral is ipsilateral vision
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The anterior cerebral artery supplies the medial surface of the brain, including areas responsible for motor and sensory functions of the contralateral leg. It also influences micturition and defecation.

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