Nokea
The nurse prepares a patient for the procedure of a(n) ___ which will remove the fluid from around the lung to improve respiration and obtain a specimen.
- B. #ERROR!
Correct Answer: thoracentesis
Rationale: Often a thoracentesis will be done not only to obtain a specimen for culture to identify the causative agent, but also to relieve the dyspnea and discomfort.
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The patient who had a bronchoscopy 1 hour ago asks when eating will be possible. Which response would be most helpful?
- A. In 24 hours, but must take cold liquids for the rest of the day
- B. If there is no blood in his sputum
- C. In 8 hours after a period of nothing by mouth
- D. When the gag reflex returns
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Following a bronchoscopy, the patient can eat as soon as the gag reflex returns, usually in about 2 hours.
A problem for the patient with a new laryngectomy would be feelings of isolation due to being unable to communicate verbally. Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
- A. Complete care quickly.
- B. Provide a pad and pencil or magic slate.
- C. Refrain from conversations with the patient to reduce stress level.
- D. Offer books or jigsaw puzzles for entertainment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Provide patient with implements for communication. Rapidly completing care and provision of solitary activities does not reduce social isolation.
In which way do leukotriene modifiers reduce the symptoms of asthma?
- A. By drying up mucus
- B. By causing bronchodilation and anti-inflammation effects
- C. By suppressing cough
- D. By liquefying mucus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leukotriene modifiers reduce the symptoms of asthma by causing bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory processes.
A patient, age 69, has emphysema. On assessment, the nurse notes the presence of a 'barrel chest.' Which pathology causes this to occur?
- A. An increase in the lateromedial area from hypertrophy of mucous glands in the bronchi
- B. An increased anteroposterior diameter caused by overinflation of the alveoli
- C. A decrease in anteroposterior diameter caused by chronic dilation of the bronchi
- D. A widening of the sternocostal area secondary to chronic constriction of smooth muscles in the airways leading to bronchospasms
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient will eventually appear barrel chested (an increased anteroposterior diameter caused by overinflation).
In which way is inspiratory capacity defined?
- A. The amount of air in the lung after a maximal inhalation
- B. The amount of air moved with each normal inhalation and expiration
- C. The amount of air that can be inhaled in one breath from the resting expiratory level
- D. The amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after maximum inhalation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inspiratory capacity is the volume of air that can be inhaled in one breath from the resting expiratory level.