Gastrointestinal Tract Questions and Answers PDF

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The nurse recognizes that teaching a patient following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been effective when the patient makes which statement?

  • A. "I can take a shower and walk around the house tomorrow."
  • B. "I need to limit my activities and not return to work for 4 weeks."
  • C. "I can expect yellowish drainage from the incision for a few days."
  • D. "I will follow a low-fat diet for life because I do not have a gallbladder."
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): The statement "I can take a shower and walk around the house tomorrow" indicates an understanding of post-operative activity expectations. After a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, early ambulation is encouraged to prevent complications like blood clots. Additionally, showering promotes wound healing and hygiene.

Incorrect Choices:
B: "I need to limit my activities and not return to work for 4 weeks" - This choice is incorrect as it overestimates the recovery time for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which typically allows for a quicker return to normal activities.
C: "I can expect yellowish drainage from the incision for a few days" - While drainage is common after surgery, the color and duration mentioned are not typical for this procedure.
D: "I will follow a low-fat diet for life because I do not have a gallbladder" - Following a low-fat diet is recommended after surgery, but the statement is too extreme as dietary

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Diseases that reduce pancreatic enzyme secretions do NOT usually decrease the digestion and absorption of:

  • A. Animal proteins
  • B. Plant proteins
  • C. Plant lipids
  • D. Sucrose
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sucrose. Diseases that reduce pancreatic enzyme secretions typically do not affect the digestion and absorption of sucrose because sucrose is primarily broken down in the small intestine by sucrase, an enzyme produced by the intestinal lining, not the pancreas. Animal proteins (choice A) and plant proteins (choice B) require pancreatic enzymes like trypsin and chymotrypsin for digestion; plant lipids (choice C) require pancreatic lipase for digestion. Therefore, choices A, B, and C would be affected by reduced pancreatic enzyme secretions, unlike sucrose.

The shortest section of the intestines is the _____.

  • A. colon
  • B. duodenum
  • C. ileum
  • D. jejunum
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: duodenum. The duodenum is the shortest section of the small intestine, measuring around 25-30 cm in length. It is the first part of the small intestine and plays a crucial role in the digestion process by receiving partially digested food from the stomach and mixing it with digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver. The colon (choice A) is the longest part of the large intestine, the ileum (choice C) and jejunum (choice D) are longer sections of the small intestine, following the duodenum in the digestive tract. Therefore, the duodenum is the correct answer as it is specifically the shortest part of the intestines.

Which patient is most likely to be diagnosed with short bowel syndrome?

  • A. History of ulcerative colitis
  • B. Had extensive resection of the ileum
  • C. Diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome
  • D. Had colectomy performed for cancer of the bowel
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Short bowel syndrome occurs most commonly in patients who have had extensive resections of the ileum, as the ileum is responsible for nutrient absorption.

Patients with gastric ulcer typically exhibit the following symptoms:

  • A. Epigastric pain worse after eating and weight loss.
  • B. Epigastric pain worse before meals, pain awakening patient from sleep, and melena.
  • C. Decreased bowel sounds, rigid abdomen, rebound tenderness, and fever.
  • D. Boring epigastric pain radiating to back and left shoulder, bluish-gray discoloration of periumbilical area, and ascites.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gastric ulcers typically present with epigastric pain that worsens before meals, pain that can wake the patient at night, and melena due to gastrointestinal bleeding.

The nurse is talking with a patient who has been experiencing nausea and vomiting. The patient indicates an interest in using alternative therapies for the condition. Which product may aid in nausea management?

  • A. Ginger
  • B. Ginseng
  • C. Chamomile
  • D. Soy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Ginger has been shown to help alleviate nausea and vomiting due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Ginger can help relax the stomach muscles and aid in digestion, reducing symptoms of nausea.
3. Studies have supported the use of ginger for managing nausea in various conditions.
4. Overall, ginger is a safe and effective option for nausea management.

Summary of incorrect choices:
- Ginseng: Ginseng is not commonly used for nausea relief and lacks sufficient evidence to support its effectiveness.
- Chamomile: While chamomile is known for its calming effects, it is not specifically indicated for nausea management.
- Soy: Soy is not typically used to alleviate nausea and vomiting symptoms.

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