Nokea
The nurse should include which of the following in preprocedure teaching for a patient scheduled for carotid angiography?
- A. "You will be put to sleep before the needle Is inserted."
- B. "The test will take several hours."
- C. "You may fee! a burning sensation when the dye is injected."
- D. "There will be no complications."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to include in preprocedure teaching for a patient scheduled for carotid angiography the information that the patient may feel a burning sensation when the dye is injected. This information helps prepare the patient for a common sensation during the procedure, reducing anxiety and promoting patient understanding and cooperation. Providing this education enhances the patient's overall experience and enables them to better cope with the procedure. The other options are not accurate or complete in providing necessary preprocedure information for the patient.
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You are evaluating a 6-mo-old girl with a firm right suprarenal mass. Histologically, there is no bony involvement, 10% bone marrow involvement, subcutaneous nodules involvement, and massive abdominal mass. The N-myc oncogene is not amplified. According to the international neuroblastoma staging system, the infant is stratified as
- A. stage I
- B. stage II A
- C. stage III
- D. stage IV S
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stage IV S refers to infants <1 year with localized primary tumor, distant metastases limited to liver, skin, or bone marrow (with <10% involvement), and no amplification of N-myc.
An 18-year-old with a groin rash and itching is worried about having an STD and does not want his parents to know. What should the nurse say?
- A. We will need to contact your parents.
- B. We will not contact your parents regarding this visit.
- C. Who would you like us to contact about your visit today?
- D. We cannot promise that the hospital will not contact your parents.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents have the right to privacy regarding sexual health, unless there is a risk to life.
A client with anemia has been admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which assessment findings are characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia?
- A. Night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
- B. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
- C. Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor
- D. Itching, rash, and jaundice  A1 PASSERS TRAINING, RESEARCH, REVIEW & DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING SET H
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron-deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia characterized by a lack of iron in the body, which leads to decreased production of red blood cells containing hemoglobin. The assessment findings characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia include dyspnea (shortness of breath) due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, tachycardia (rapid heart rate) as the body tries to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery, and pallor (pale skin and mucous membranes) due to reduced red blood cell production. These symptoms result from insufficient iron levels affecting the body's ability to produce an adequate number of healthy red blood cells. Night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea are not typically associated with iron-deficiency anemia. Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, itching, rash, and jaundice are also not primary manifestations of iron-deficiency an
For a client with polycythemia vera, how can the nurse help decrease the risk for thrombus formation?
- A. Teach the client how to perform isometric exercises
- B. Help the client don thromboembolic stocking or support hose during waking hours
- C. Advise drinking 3 quarts (L) of fluid per day
- D. Instruct the client to rest immediately if chest pain develops  A1 PASSERS TRAINING, RESEARCH, REVIEW & DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING SET I THE HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a client with polycythemia vera, there is an increased risk for thrombus formation due to the increased viscosity of the blood. Wearing thromboembolic stockings or support hose can help promote circulation, prevent stasis, and reduce the risk of thrombus formation. Compression stockings provide external pressure to the legs, which helps prevent blood from pooling and clotting. This intervention is commonly recommended for patients at risk for thrombus formation to improve blood flow in the lower extremities and reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism.
What is the best initial action for the nurse to take?
- A. Try to have the client breathe slower or
- B. Give O2 via nasal cannula into the paper bag
- C. Administer sodium bicarbonate
- D. Monitor the client's fluid balance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best initial action for the nurse to take when a client is experiencing hyperventilation is to try to have the client breathe slower. This is because hyperventilation is often caused by rapid, shallow breathing and slowing down the breathing pattern can help restore normal gas exchange and alleviate symptoms. Providing oxygen via a nasal cannula or administering sodium bicarbonate would not directly address the underlying issue of hyperventilation. Monitoring fluid balance is important for overall assessment but not the priority when dealing with acute respiratory distress due to hyperventilation.