Nokea
The patient is told by the health care provider that the size of the patient's muscle has decreased. How should the nurse document this occurrence?
- A. Hyaline
- B. Atrophy
- C. Isometric
- D. Hypertrophy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atrophy refers to muscle shrinkage.
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A patient with chronic osteomyelitis has been hospitalized for a surgical debridement procedure. What does the nurse explain to the patient as the rationale for the surgical treatment?
- A. Removal of the infection prevents the need for bone and skin grafting.
- B. Formation of scar tissue has led to a protected area of bacterial growth.
- C. The process of depositing new bone blocks the vascular supply to the bone.
- D. Antibiotics are not effective against microorganisms that cause chronic osteomyelitis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Surgical debridement removes infected tissue unreachable by antibiotics.
Which of these cells are not a type of neuroglia found in the CNS:
- A. astrocytes
- B. microglia
- C. Schwann cells
- D. ependymal cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Schwann cells are a type of neuroglia found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), not the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes are all types of neuroglia found in the CNS. Thus, C is the correct answer.
Which lobe is most closely associated with visual processing?
- A. frontal
- B. temporal
- C. parietal
- D. occipital
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The occipital lobe is the primary area of the brain responsible for visual processing. It contains the visual cortex, which processes information from the eyes and interprets it as images. Damage to the occipital lobe can result in visual impairments, such as blindness or difficulty recognizing objects. The occipital lobe works in conjunction with other brain regions to integrate visual information with other sensory inputs.
A 26 year-old man was in a motor vehicle accident and suffered a complete spinal cord injury to L3. The nurse assesses the patient for loss of motor function in the:
- A. Legs
- B. Abdomen
- C. Chest
- D. Arms
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A spinal cord injury at the L3 level affects motor function in the legs. The abdomen, chest, and arms are controlled by higher spinal cord levels (thoracic and cervical). Loss of motor function in the legs is consistent with an L3 injury.
Before his discharge the nurse should assess Mr. Hall's home situation to determine possible hazards. Of the following items in Mr. Hall's home, which poses the greatest danger to him while he is still on crutches?
- A. Stairs
- B. Doors
- C. Scatter rugs
- D. Easy chairs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Scatter rugs can cause tripping hazards.