Nokea
The pharmacology students are learning about antibiotics that are known to cause photosensitivity in some patients. What nursing measures would ensure the comfort of patients taking these antibiotics and hopefully avoid serious adverse effects?
- A. Avoiding the use of aspirin and other over-the-counter pain products
- B. Getting a wig or other head cover to avoid heat loss
- C. Avoiding exposure to sunlight or use of a sunscreen and protective clothing if exposure is inevitable
- D. Providing frequent rest periods in a dark room
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Photosensitivity from antibiotics increases sunburn risk; avoiding sunlight or using protection prevents serious skin reactions.
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Which of the following shows high first pass metabolism:
- A. Propranolol
- B. Phenobarbitone
- C. Phenylbutazone
- D. Phenytoin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Propranolol undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver.
A nurse is providing information to a client who has a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Plan to take the medication at bedtime.
- C. Expect increased swelling of the ankles.
- D. Fluid intake should be limited in the morning.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taking with food reduces GI upset, a standard instruction for hydrochlorothiazide.
Which of the following is the indication for glucocorticoid prescribing?
- A. Cataract
- B. Prevention of respiratory distress
- C. Hypofunction of thyroid gland
- D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucocorticoids prevent respiratory distress, such as in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.
Beta blockers are prescribed for diabetics with caution because of their ability to produce hypoglycemia and block the common symptoms of it. Which of the following symptoms of hypoglycemia is not blocked by these drugs and so can be used to warn diabetics of possible decreased blood glucose?
- A. Dizziness
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Nervousness and shakiness
- D. Diaphoresis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diaphoresis (sweating) is not blocked by beta blockers and signals hypoglycemia.
Patient education when prescribing clopidogrel includes:
- A. Do not take any herbal products without discussing it with the provider
- B. Monitor urine output closely and contact the provider if it decreases
- C. Clopidogrel can be constipating, use a stool softener if needed
- D. The patient will need regular anticoagulant studies while on clopidogrel
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Herbal products can increase bleeding risk with clopidogrel; urine or constipation aren't typical issues, and INR isn't monitored.