Endocrine System Practice Questions

Endocrine System Practice Questions Related

Review Endocrine System Practice Questions related questions and content

The pituitary hormone that stimulates the male testes to produce sperm and stimulates the development of the follicle in the female on a monthly cycle is:

  • A. growth hormone
  • B. luteinizing hormone
  • C. prolactin
  • D. follicle-stimulating hormone
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in both male and female reproductive systems. In males, FSH stimulates the testes to produce sperm. In females, FSH stimulates the development of ovarian follicles, which contain eggs. This hormone is essential for the process of ovulation and the menstrual cycle.

A: Growth hormone is not directly involved in the reproductive system but rather promotes overall growth and development.
B: Luteinizing hormone (LH) is responsible for ovulation and the production of testosterone in males. It does not directly stimulate sperm production or follicle development.
C: Prolactin is primarily involved in milk production and has no direct role in sperm production or follicle development.

You may also like to solve these questions

Which gland is responsible for the production of growth hormone?

  • A. anterior pituitary
  • B. thyroid
  • C. adrenal medulla
  • D. pancreas
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: anterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary gland is responsible for producing growth hormone, also known as somatotropin. This hormone plays a key role in promoting growth, cell regeneration, and overall development. The other choices are incorrect because the thyroid gland primarily produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism, the adrenal medulla produces adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to stress, and the pancreas produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct answer is the anterior pituitary gland as it specifically produces growth hormone.

Failure of the pituitary to stop producing growth hormone after body growth is completed results in _______.

  • A. Gigantism
  • B. Tetany
  • C. Kidney failure
  • D. Acromegaly
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acromegaly. After body growth is completed, excess growth hormone causes the bones and soft tissues to continue growing abnormally, leading to enlarged hands, feet, and facial features. Gigantism occurs before growth plates close, resulting in overall increased body size. Tetany is caused by low calcium levels, not excess growth hormone. Kidney failure is unrelated to pituitary hormone regulation.

The ability of a specific tissue or organ to respond to the presence of a hormone is dependent on ________.

  • A. the location of the tissue or organ with respect to the circulatory path
  • B. the membrane potential of the cells of the target organ
  • C. the presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the target tissue or organ
  • D. nothingall hormones of the human body are able to stimulate any and all cell types because hormones are powerful and nonspecific
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the ability of a tissue or organ to respond to a hormone depends on the presence of specific receptors on the cells of the target tissue. These receptors are like locks that only fit the specific key (hormone). Without the appropriate receptors, the hormone cannot initiate a response.

A: The location of the tissue or organ with respect to the circulatory path may affect the speed of hormone delivery but does not determine the tissue's ability to respond.
B: The membrane potential of the cells of the target organ relates to cell signaling but does not determine the specificity of hormone response.
D: This choice is incorrect because hormones are specific and can only bind to cells with the appropriate receptors, making the statement that all hormones can stimulate any cell type nonsensical.

What gland is located just superior to the kidneys?

  • A. Pituitary.
  • B. Adrenal.
  • C. Pancreas.
  • D. ovaries
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Adrenal. The adrenal glands are located just superior to the kidneys. They are responsible for producing important hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. The pituitary gland (choice A) is located at the base of the brain, the pancreas (choice C) is located in the abdomen, and the ovaries (choice D) are located in the pelvic region. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not correspond to the anatomical location specified in the question.

The adrenal medulla:

  • A. is controlled primarily by ACTH.
  • B. secretes steroids.
  • C. is associated with the fight-or-flight response.
  • D. secretes iodine-containing hormones.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct:
1. The adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal glands.
2. It secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline during the fight-or-flight response.
3. These hormones increase heart rate, blood flow to muscles, and provide energy for emergencies.
4. This physiological response helps the body deal with stressful situations.
5. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the adrenal medulla is not primarily controlled by ACTH, does not secrete steroids, and does not secrete iodine-containing hormones.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.