Nokea
The primary health care provider prescribes an antineoplastic antibiotic. The nurse identifies which of the following as a possibility?
- A. Bleomycin (Blenoxane)
- B. Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
- C. Dactinomycin (Cosmegen)
- D. Daunorubicin (DaunoXome)
- E. Busulfan (Busulfex)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Antineoplastic antibiotics have similar action to alkylating drugs and include bleomycin (Blenoxane), dactinomycin (Cosmegen), and daunorubicin (DaunoXome). Carboplatin is an alkylating agent. Busulfan is an alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent.
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A nurse is preparing to administer an antineoplastic drug that is classified as an antimetabolite. Which of the following might the nurse be preparing to give?
- A. Mercaptopurine (Purinethol)
- B. Capecitabine (Xeloda)
- C. Fluorouracil (Adrucil)
- D. Etoposide (Toposar)
- E. Irinotecan (Camptosar)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Antimetabolite drugs are substances that incorporate themselves into the cellular components during the S phase of cell division and include mercaptopurine (Purinethol), capecitabine (Xeloda), and fluorouracil (Adrucil). Etoposide and irinotecan are plant alkaloids.
A nurse should monitor a client closely for increased seizure activity when which of the following antineoplastic drugs are used concomitantly with phenytoin (Dilantin)?
- A. Mercaptopurine (Purinethol)
- B. Busulfan (Busulfex)
- C. Thiotepa (Thioplex)
- D. Doxorubicin (Doxil)
- E. Irinotecan (Camptosar)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Plant alkaloids (irinotecan) and alkylating agents (busulfan and thiotepa) can increase risk of seizure when given with phenytoin (Dilantin).
A client visits the health care facility for information on cancer. The client asks the nurse if regular consumption of green tea can cause harm. Which of the following should the nurse inform the client as possible effects of green tea?
- A. Dental caries
- B. Damage to heart
- C. Insomnia
- D. Damage to liver
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inform the client that green tea can cause insomnia because it contains caffeine. Green tea is known to improve dental health and maintain health of the heart and liver.
After teaching a group of nursing students about antineoplastic drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as being classified as a plant alkaloid?
- A. Vincristine (Oncovin)
- B. Capecitabine (Xeloda)
- C. Paclitaxel (Taxol)
- D. Etoposide (Toposar)
- E. Irinotecan (Camptosar)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Drugs that are derived from plant alkaloids include vinca alkaloids (vincristine), taxanes (paclitaxel), podophyllotoxins (etoposide), and camptothecin analogs (irinotecan). Capecitabine is an antimetabolite.
A client is to start chemotherapy. The client is worried about going bald in the course of the treatment. How can the nurse assist the client in being comfortable with her body image?
- A. Forewarn about hair loss as permanent
- B. Explain it is not life-threatening
- C. Suggest the use of a wig or cap
- D. Explain that hair preserves body heat
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse can assist the client in being comfortable with her body image by suggesting that the client use a wig or cap until the hair grows back. The nurse should forewarn about hair loss to prepare the client for the outcome of the treatment. The nurse should explain that hair preserves body heat and loss of hair is not life-threatening, and this will put the client at ease during treatment.