Nokea
The process of voiding urine from the enhanced by: bladder is known as:
- A. large surface area of the capillaries
- B. menstruation
- C. large numbers of glomeruli
- D. implantation
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Correct Answer: C: large numbers of glomeruli
Rationale:
1. The process of voiding urine involves the filtration of blood in the kidneys.
2. Glomeruli are the kidney structures responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.
3. Having a large number of glomeruli increases the efficiency of urine production and filtration.
4. Therefore, the presence of large numbers of glomeruli enhances the process of voiding urine.
Summary:
A: Large surface area of capillaries - This does not directly relate to the process of voiding urine but rather to blood circulation.
B: Menstruation - Menstruation is a reproductive process and not related to voiding urine.
D: Implantation - Implantation refers to the attachment of a fertilized egg in the uterus and is not related to voiding urine.
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During a genital examination, the nurse notices that a male patient has clusters of small vesicles on the glans, surrounded by erythema. The nurse recognizes that these lesions are:
- A. Peyronie disease.
- B. Genital warts.
- C. Genital herpes.
- D. Syphilitic cancer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Genital herpes. Genital herpes presents as clusters of small vesicles on the glans surrounded by erythema. This is a classic presentation of genital herpes infection caused by herpes simplex virus. Peyronie disease (A) is characterized by penile curvature. Genital warts (B) are caused by human papillomavirus and appear as flesh-colored growths. Syphilitic chancre (D) is a painless ulcer seen in primary syphilis, not vesicles. In this case, the presence of vesicles and erythema points towards genital herpes as the most likely diagnosis.
Which of the following antibiotics is considered safe to use in newborn babies?
- A. Chloramphenicol
- B. Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
- C. Tetracyclines
- D. Ampicillin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ampicillin. It is considered safe to use in newborn babies due to its efficacy against common bacterial infections in this age group. Ampicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is often prescribed for neonatal sepsis and meningitis. It is also well-tolerated and has minimal side effects in newborns.
A: Chloramphenicol is not recommended in newborns due to the risk of gray baby syndrome.
B: Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole can cause kernicterus and other adverse effects in newborns.
C: Tetracyclines can lead to tooth discoloration and inhibit bone growth in newborns.
A nurse is assessing a patient's risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI). An appropriate question to ask would be:
- A. You know that it's important to use condoms for protection, right?
- B. Do you use a condom with each episode of sexual intercourse?
- C. Do you have a sexually transmitted infection?
- D. You are aware of the dangers of unprotected sex, aren't you?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Do you use a condom with each episode of sexual intercourse?" This question directly assesses the patient's behavior regarding condom use, providing specific information about their risk of contracting STIs. Choice A assumes knowledge without assessing behavior. Choice C assumes the patient already has an STI. Choice D assumes awareness without assessing behavior. Choice B is the most appropriate as it focuses on the specific preventive measure of condom use.
Which of these statements is most appropriate when the nurse is obtaining a genitourinary history from an older man?
- A. Do you need to get up at night to urinate?
- B. Do you experience nocturnal emissions, or wet dreams?
- C. Do you know how to perform a testicular self-examination?
- D. Has anyone ever touched your genitals when you did not want them to?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it pertains to a common genitourinary issue in older men, nocturia. Nocturnal emissions (choice B) are not typically relevant in this context. Testicular self-examination (choice C) is more appropriate for younger men, and asking about unwanted touching (choice D) is not relevant to obtaining a genitourinary history. Asking about nocturia can provide valuable information about potential prostate issues, urinary tract infections, or other conditions commonly affecting older men.
The patient complains of wetting when she sneezes. How should the nurse document this information?
- A. Nocturia
- B. Micturition
- C. Urge incontinence
- D. Stress incontinence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stress incontinence. This type of incontinence is characterized by leakage of urine when there is increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as during sneezing or coughing. The nurse should document this information as stress incontinence to accurately describe the patient's symptoms. Nocturia (A) refers to waking up at night to urinate, not related to sneezing. Micturition (B) is the act of urination, not specific to the patient's symptoms. Urge incontinence (C) is characterized by a sudden and strong need to urinate, not triggered by sneezing.