Nokea
The routine monitoring recommended for low molecular weight heparin is:
- A. INR every 2 days until stable, then weekly
- B. aPTT every week while on therapy
- C. Factor Xa levels if the patient is pregnant
- D. White blood cell count every 2 weeks
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Factor Xa levels may be monitored in pregnancy with LMWH; routine INR or aPTT isn't needed due to predictable pharmacokinetics.
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All of following are examples of prodrugs except
- A. Levodopa
- B. Enlapril
- C. Omeprazole
- D. Indomethacin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prodrugs (e.g., levodopa, enalapril, omeprazole) are inactive until metabolized. Indomethacin is active as administered.
You are the home health nurse caring for a 77-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. When assessing this patient, in relation to their drug therapy, what is one thing that would be important for you to include in your assessment?
- A. Patient's age
- B. Required lifestyle changes
- C. Family members in the community
- D. Compliance with nutritional recommendations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lifestyle changes (e.g., salt restriction) impact CHF drug therapy efficacy and adherence, critical for assessment.
The nurse explains the Drug Enforcement Agencys (DEAs) schedule of controlled substances to the nursing assistant who asks, Do you ever get a prescription for Schedule I medications? What is the nurses best response?
- A. Schedule I medications have no medical use so they are not prescribed.
- B. Schedule I medications have the lowest risk for abuse and do not require a prescription.
- C. Schedule I medications are only prescribed in monitored units for patient safety.
- D. Schedule I medications are found in antitussives and antidiarrheals sold over the counter.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Schedule I medications have no medical use and are never prescribed. Schedule V medications have the lowest risk for abuse and are found mostly in antitussives and antidiarrheals but they are not sold over the counter.
The treatment of hyperlipidemia with gemfibrozil plus lovastatin is associated with a high risk of:
- A. Constipation
- B. Myopathy
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Combining gemfibrozil and statins increases the risk of myopathy due to elevated statin levels.
Which medication route provides the most rapid onset of a medication, but also poses the greatest risk of adverse effects?
- A. Intradermal
- B. Subcutaneous (subcut)
- C. Intramuscular (IM)
- D. Intravenous (IV)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: IV medications are delivered directly into the bloodstream and avoid the first pass effect of the liver. Intradermal, subcut, and IM administration have a slower absorption rate.