Nokea
The theorist who believes that children actively construct knowledge is
- A. Jean Piaget
- B. B.F. Skinner
- C. Albert Bandura
- D. John Dewey
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Piaget's constructivism views children as active knowledge builders.
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An 11-year-old says, My parents dont like me. They call me stupid and say they wish I were never born. It doesn't matter what they think because I already know Im dumb. Which nursing diagnosis applies to this child?
- A. Chronic low self-esteem related to negative feedback from parents
- B. Deficient knowledge related to interpersonal skills with parents
- C. Disturbed personal identity related to negative self-evaluation
- D. Complicated grieving related to poor academic performance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child has indicated a belief in being too dumb to learn. The child receives negative and demeaning feedback from the parents. The child has internalized these messages, resulting in a low self-esteem. Deficient knowledge refers to knowledge of health care measures. Disturbed personal identity refers to an alteration in the ability to distinguish between self and non-self. Grieving may apply, but a specific loss is not evident in the scenario. Low self-esteem is more relevant to the childs statements.
Nurses would expect that a nonthreatening form of therapy for a child who has been sexually abused would be:
- A. Systematic desensitization.
- B. Group therapy.
- C. Art or play therapy.
- D. Rational emotive therapy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Art and play therapy allow the child to work through feelings without having to have the words for them.
Head trauma as a result of a car accident or other traumatic injury can cause
- A. Mental Retardation
- B. Epilepsy
- C. Intellectual disability
- D. Adaptive disorder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Head trauma is a common cause of epilepsy, triggering seizures.
Which of the following approaches is effective in building patient trust?
- A. Repeating prescription instructions
- B. Offering to schedule a follow-up appointment
- C. Providing written instructions for medications
- D. Making eye contact with the patient during a visit
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Eye contact fosters connection and trust in patient interactions.
Giving a student extra homework after they misbehave in class is an example of:
- A. Positive punishment
- B. Negative punishment
- C. Positive reinforcement
- D. Negative reinforcement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Positive punishment adds an aversive stimulus (homework) to reduce misbehavior (Skinner).