Nokea
The treatment of hyperlipidemia with gemfibrozil plus lovastatin is associated with a high risk of:
- A. Constipation
- B. Myopathy
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Combining gemfibrozil and statins increases the risk of myopathy due to elevated statin levels.
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You are the home health nurse caring for a 77-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. When assessing this patient, in relation to their drug therapy, what is one thing that would be important for you to include in your assessment?
- A. Patient's age
- B. Required lifestyle changes
- C. Family members in the community
- D. Compliance with nutritional recommendations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lifestyle changes (e.g., salt restriction) impact CHF drug therapy efficacy and adherence, critical for assessment.
Information technology can also be used for patient teaching during the encounter and after it. The provider can help patients and their families become savvy consumers of health-care information by:
- A. Warning them about the questionable quality of health information online
- B. Identifying easily used 'apps' that patients can use to manage their medications
- C. Teaching them how to identify high-quality Web sites and 'red flags' signaling inaccurate content
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All these strategies help patients navigate health information effectively.
What describes the action of a drug on the body?
- A. Pharmacodynamics
- B. Pharmacokinetics
- C. Microbiology
- D. Physiology
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on the body, including mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects, unlike pharmacokinetics, which focuses on drug movement.
Drugs that are designated Schedule II by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration:
- A. Are known teratogens during pregnancy
- B. May not be refilled; a new prescription must be written
- C. Have a low abuse potential
- D. May be dispensed without a prescription unless regulated by the state
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schedule II drugs (e.g., opioids) require new prescriptions without refills due to high abuse potential, unlike teratogenicity or OTC status .
A 50-year-old woman has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and given a prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements is characteristic of this medication?
- A. Metformin is inappropriate for initial management of type 2 diabetes
- B. Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production
- C. Metformin undergoes significant metabolism via the cytochrome P450 system
- D. Weight gain is a common adverse effect
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production, a key mechanism in managing type 2 diabetes, and is often a first-line treatment.