Endocrine System MCQ Questions

Endocrine System MCQ Questions Related

Review Endocrine System MCQ Questions related questions and content

There are two simple ways to lower blood pressure: (1) reduce the cardiac contractility, and (2) inhibit sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction. Which one of the following drugs can lower blood pressure by both mechanisms?

  • A. Albuterol
  • B. Atropine
  • C. Labetalol
  • D. Isoproterenol
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Labetalol is a non-selective beta-blocker that reduces cardiac contractility by blocking beta-1 receptors and inhibits sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction by blocking alpha-1 receptors. Albuterol (A) is a beta-2 agonist, which increases cardiac contractility. Atropine (B) is a muscarinic antagonist, which increases heart rate and does not affect vasoconstriction. Isoproterenol (D) is a non-selective beta agonist, which increases cardiac contractility and vasodilation. Thus, C (Labetalol) is the only drug that can lower blood pressure by both mechanisms.

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____________ is a steroid hormone.

  • A. Vitamin D
  • B. Epinephrine
  • C. Insulin
  • D. all of these
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Vitamin D is the correct answer as it is a steroid hormone synthesized from cholesterol. Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and have a similar chemical structure. Epinephrine and Insulin are not steroid hormones. Epinephrine is a catecholamine produced by the adrenal glands, and Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the pancreas. Choice D is incorrect as not all options listed are steroid hormones.

Adonis arrives at the gym and spots a dumbbell he wants to use. When attempting to lift the weight, his biceps brachii contract, but the weight is not moved because it is too heavy. This is called?

  • A. Isometric contraction
  • B. Concentric contraction
  • C. Eccentric contraction
  • D. Incomplete tetanus
Correct Answer: a

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Isometric contraction. In isometric contraction, the muscle contracts but there is no movement at the joint. In this scenario, Adonis's biceps brachii contract but the weight is not moved, indicating an isometric contraction. In concentric contraction (B), the muscle shortens to move the weight upward. In eccentric contraction (C), the muscle lengthens while under tension, controlling the descent of the weight. Incomplete tetanus (D) refers to a state where muscle fibers are stimulated rapidly but not at the maximum rate to produce sustained contractions.

A client, age 64, has complaints of frequent spells of fatigue and inability to sleep. She also reports hair loss and an allergy to seafood. Which of the following information is essential to consider before initiating a thyroid test for the client?

  • A. Her age
  • B. Complaints of fatigue and inability to sleep
  • C. Allergy to seafood
  • D. Hair loss
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An allergy to seafood may indicate a potential iodine sensitivity, which is relevant when interpreting thyroid test results, as iodine is a key component in thyroid function.

In a patient with an elevated serum cortisol, what would the nurse expect other laboratory findings to reveal?

  • A. Hypokalemia
  • B. Hyponatremia
  • C. Hypoglycemia
  • D. Decreased serum triglycerides
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Elevated cortisol levels can lead to hypokalemia, as cortisol influences the balance of sodium and potassium in the body.

Which of the following organs is considered a neuroendocrine organ?

  • A. pituitary
  • B. hypothalamus
  • C. pancreas
  • D. adrenal cortex
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is considered a neuroendocrine organ because it produces and releases hormones that regulate the pituitary gland's hormonal secretion. It acts as a bridge between the nervous system and the endocrine system, controlling various physiological processes. The pituitary gland (choice A) is a master endocrine gland, not a neuroendocrine organ. The pancreas (choice C) is an exocrine and endocrine gland involved in blood sugar regulation. The adrenal cortex (choice D) is part of the adrenal glands responsible for producing steroid hormones, not considered a neuroendocrine organ.

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