Nokea
Tropic hormones ________.
- A. include ACTH and TSH
- B. do not regulate the function of other endocrine glands
- C. exert their effects on cells by direct gene activation
- D. include GH and PRL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because tropic hormones are hormones that regulate the function of other endocrine glands, such as ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone). These hormones stimulate the target glands to release their own hormones. Choice B is incorrect because tropic hormones specifically regulate other endocrine glands. Choice C is incorrect because tropic hormones typically exert their effects by binding to specific receptors on target cells, rather than directly activating genes. Choice D is incorrect because GH (growth hormone) and PRL (prolactin) are not tropic hormones as they do not directly regulate the function of other endocrine glands.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is NOT true of glucagon?
- A. produced by the pancreas
- B. increases blood glucose levels
- C. promotes the use of fat and protein instead of glucose
- D. stimulates the liver to store glucose as glycogen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because glucagon actually stimulates the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream, not store glucose as glycogen. Glucagon helps increase blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, and it also promotes the use of fat and protein for energy when glucose levels are low. Choices A, B, and C are all true statements about glucagon, making them incorrect options in this context.
A patient presents with polyuria and thirst. There appears to be no elevation of glucose in the body, however, the serum osmolality appears to be low. Upon performing the water deprivation test, the osmolatity is still low. Which of the following is true?
- A. The problem is in the pituitary
- B. The problem is in the kidneys
- C. The patient has diabetes mellitus
- D. The patient has high ADH in the serum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The problem is in the kidneys. In this scenario, the low serum osmolality despite water deprivation indicates the kidneys are unable to concentrate urine, leading to excessive loss of water. This condition is known as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Choice A is incorrect as pituitary dysfunction would result in high serum osmolality due to lack of ADH. Choice C is incorrect as diabetes mellitus would show high glucose levels. Choice D is incorrect as high ADH in the serum would lead to concentrated urine and high serum osmolality.
Common nonspecific manifestations that may alert the nurse to endocrine dysfunction include
- A. goiter and alopecia.
- B. exophthalmos and tremors.
- C. weight loss, fatigue, and depression.
- D. polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight loss, fatigue, and depression are nonspecific symptoms that can point to various endocrine disorders, including thyroid and adrenal conditions.
Which is true of dark (red) muscle?
- A. This muscle is optimized for endurance training
- B. There is less mitochondria in this muscle
- C. This muscle contains more fast-twitch fibers
- D. This muscle contains an equal amount of fast and slow twitch fibers
Correct Answer: a
Rationale: The correct answer is A: This muscle is optimized for endurance training. Dark (red) muscle contains more myoglobin, which stores oxygen and enhances endurance performance. This muscle type is rich in mitochondria, allowing for sustained energy production. Choice B is incorrect because dark muscle actually has more mitochondria. Choice C is incorrect because dark muscle contains more slow-twitch fibers, which are fatigue-resistant and contribute to endurance. Choice D is incorrect because dark muscle predominantly consists of slow-twitch fibers, making it optimized for endurance rather than speed.
The small intestine runs from the stomach to the large intestine. It has three parts. Starting at the stomach, in which order do they occur?
- A. Ileum, duodenum, jejunum
- B. Jejunum, duodenum, ileum
- C. Duodenum, ileum, jejunum
- D. Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct order is D: Duodenum, jejunum, ileum. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine connected to the stomach for digestion. Next is the jejunum, where most of the nutrients are absorbed. Lastly, the ileum completes the absorption process before reaching the large intestine. Choice A is incorrect as it has the parts in the wrong order. Choice B also has the parts in the wrong order. Choice C has the duodenum and ileum in the correct position but switches the jejunum and ileum.