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Under new U.S. Food and Drug Administration labeling, Pregnancy Categories will be:
- A. Strengthened with a new coding such as C+ or C- to discern when a drug is more or less toxic to the fetus
- B. Changed to incorporate a pregnancy risk summary and clinical considerations on the drug label
- C. Eliminated, and replaced with a link to the National Library of Medicine TOXNET Web site for in-depth information regarding pregnancy concerns
- D. Clarified to include information such as safe dosages in each trimester of pregnancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: FDA replaced categories with risk summaries and clinical considerations for clearer, narrative-based guidance, effective 2015.
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Which name identifies a drug listed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?
- A. Brand
- B. Nonproprietary
- C. Official
- D. Trademark
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The official name is the name under which a drug is listed by the FDA. The brand name, or trademark, is the name given to a drug by its manufacturer. The nonproprietary, or generic, name is provided by the United States Adopted Names Council.
A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of rapid heart rate and easy fatigability. Laboratory results reveal low hemoglobin levels and microcytic red blood cells. The most suitable therapy for her condition will be:
- A. Folic acid
- B. Epoiten alfa
- C. Ferrous sulfate
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Microcytic anemia suggests iron deficiency; ferrous sulfate is the standard treatment.
Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol create serious drug interactions with insulin because they:
- A. Increase blood glucose levels
- B. Produce unexplained diaphoresis
- C. Interfere with the ability of the body to metabolize glucose
- D. Mask the signs and symptoms of altered glucose levels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol mask hypoglycemia symptoms (e.g., tachycardia), complicating detection.
Which of these beta-blockers is a Class III antiarrhythmic agent?
- A. Metoprolol
- B. Esmolol
- C. Sotalol
- D. Bucindolol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sotalol has both beta-blocking and potassium channel-blocking (Class III) properties, prolonging the action potential.
The use of information technology for quality improvement in pharmacotherapeutics includes:
- A. Incorporating the use of 'apps' into all patient encounters
- B. Tracking data trends within the practice via the electronic health record database
- C. Informing patients that they have access to their medication list via the Internet
- D. Using macros for individualizing patient care management
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tracking data trends in EHRs supports quality improvement in pharmacotherapeutics.