Undesirable behaviour is also weakened or eliminated by
- A. Positive reinforcement
- B. Extinction
- C. Equilibrium
- D. All of these
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Extinction removes reinforcement to weaken behavior (Skinner).
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Society cannot be studied in the same way as the natural world because
- A. We cannot collect empirical data about social life
- B. Sociologists are not rational or critical enough in their approach
- C. It is difficult for sociologists to gain access to a research laboratory
- D. Human behavior is meaningful and varied between individuals and cultures
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Social sciences differ due to human behavior's interpretive and diverse nature (Weber).
ociologists use the term 'sex' to refer to
- A. Anatomical and psychological differences
- B. Emotional and cultural practices
- C. Erotic and physical practices
- D. Psychological and social differences
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sociologists define sex as biological (anatomical) and sometimes psychological distinctions.
The nurse is contributing to a teaching plan. What information should the nurse include that identifies the methods in which HIV can be transmitted? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Urine
- B. Sweat
- C. Saliva
- D. Semen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: HIV is primarily transmitted through body fluids containing high concentrations of the virus, such as semen.
Step 2: Semen contains a high viral load, making it a common mode of HIV transmission.
Step 3: Other body fluids like urine, sweat, and saliva do not typically contain high enough levels of the virus to transmit HIV.
Step 4: Therefore, option D (Semen) is correct as it aligns with the established modes of HIV transmission.
Summary: Urine, sweat, and saliva do not pose a significant risk for HIV transmission due to their low viral load. Semen, on the other hand, contains high concentrations of the virus, making it a primary mode of transmission.
You are the Nurse Manager for the trauma unit. Which of these staff comments or statements do not indicate the need for you to provide an educational activity relating to confidentiality and information security?
- A. “A computer in the hallway was left unattended and a client's medical record was visible to me.â€
- B. “I j ust saw a nursing student looking at the medical record for a client that they are NOT caring for during this clinical experience.â€
- C. “As I was walking past the nursing station, I saw a dietician reading the progress notes written by members of the laboratory department in addition to other dieticians' progress notes.â€
- D. “I refused the nursing supervisor's request to share my electronic password for the new nurse on the unit.â€
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These scenarios highlight breaches in confidentiality and security.
The theorist who believes in moral reasoning is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Lawrence Kohlberg
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning build on cognitive development.