Nokea
What are characteristics of early adolescence (1114 years) with regard to identity? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Mature sexual identity
- B. Increase in self-esteem
- C. Trying out of various roles
- D. Conformity to group norms
- E. Preoccupied with rapid body changes
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Characteristics of early adolescence identity include trying out of various roles, conformity to group norms, and preoccupation with rapid body changes. Mature sexual identity and increase in self-esteem are characteristics of late adolescent identity.
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The school nurse recognizes that students who are targeted for repeated harassment and bullying may exhibit what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Skip school
- B. Attempt suicide
- C. Bring weapons to school
- D. Attend extracurricular activities
- E. Report symptoms of depression
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Students targeted for repeated teasing and harassment are more likely to skip school, to report symptoms of depression, and to attempt suicide. Equally troubling, teens who are regularly harassed or bullied are also more likely to bring weapons to school to feel safe. Students who are bullied do not want to attend extracurricular activities.
What aspects of cognition develop during adolescence?
- A. Ability to see things from the point of view of another
- B. Capability of using a future time perspective
- C. Capability of placing things in a sensible and logical order
- D. Progress from making judgments based on what they see to making judgments based on what they reason
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents are no longer restricted to the real and actual. They also are concerned with the possible; they think beyond the present. During concrete operations (between ages 7 and 11 years), children exhibit thought processes that enable them to see things from the point of view of another, place things in a sensible and logical order, and progress from making judgments based on what they see to making judgments based on what they reason.
What is most descriptive of the spiritual development of older adolescents?
- A. Beliefs become more abstract.
- B. Rituals and practices become increasingly important.
- C. Strict observance of religious customs is common.
- D. Emphasis is placed on external manifestations, such as whether a person goes to church.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because of their abstract thinking abilities, adolescents are able to interpret analogies and symbols. Rituals, practices, and strict observance of religious customs become less important as adolescents question values and ideals of families. Adolescents question external manifestations when not supported by adherence to supportive behaviors.
A 12-year-old girl asks the nurse about an increase in clear white odorless vaginal discharge. What response should the nurse give?
- A. This may mean a yeast infection.
- B. This is normal before menstruation starts.
- C. This is caused by an increase in progesterone.
- D. This is possibly a sign of a sexually transmitted infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early in puberty, there is often an increase in normal vaginal discharge (physiologic leukorrhea) associated with uterine development. Girls or their parents may be concerned that this vaginal discharge is a sign of infection. The nurse can reassure them that the discharge is normal and a sign that the uterus is preparing for menstruation. It is caused by an increase in estrogen, not progesterone.
In boys, what is the initial indication of puberty?
- A. Voice changes
- B. Growth of pubic hair
- C. Testicular enlargement
- D. Increased size of penis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Testicular enlargement is the first change that signals puberty in boys; it usually occurs between the ages of 9 1/2 and 14 years during Tanner stage 2. Voice change occurs between Tanner stages 3 and 4. Fine pubic hair may occur at the base of the penis; darker hair occurs during Tanner stage 3. The penis enlarges during Tanner stage 3.