Nokea
What are dextrins?
- A. Polysaccharides.
- B. End products of starch digestion.
- C. Formed in the liver.
- D. Rapidly excreted.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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How is the enzyme trypsin activated?
- A. By zymogen.
- B. By bile.
- C. By gastrin.
- D. By enterokinase.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: By enterokinase. Trypsin is activated by enterokinase, an enzyme secreted by the small intestine. Enterokinase plays a crucial role in converting trypsinogen into its active form, trypsin. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because trypsin is specifically activated by enterokinase, not by zymogen, bile, or gastrin.
Protein is constantly being exchanged between which two components?
- A. tissue and plasma.
- B. the liver and the small intestine.
- C. blood and lymph.
- D. the heart and lungs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'tissue and plasma.' Protein turnover involves the continuous exchange of proteins between body tissues and the bloodstream (plasma) as part of normal metabolic processes. This process ensures a balance in protein levels throughout the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the primary sites for protein turnover in the body.
Which of the following is an example of a protein?
- A. Saline.
- B. Hemoglobin.
- C. Cellulose.
- D. Prostaglandins.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in the blood, making it the correct answer. Choice A, Saline, is a salt solution and not a protein. Choice C, Cellulose, is a complex carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants, not a protein. Choice D, Prostaglandins, are lipid compounds with hormone-like effects, not proteins.
Where is Vitamin B12 found?
- A. Whole grains.
- B. Nuts.
- C. Meats.
- D. Legumes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Two amino acids are chemically joined by a:
- A. double bond.
- B. hydrogen bond.
- C. carboxyl bond.
- D. peptide bond.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, peptide bond. A peptide bond is formed through a dehydration synthesis reaction between the amine group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid. This bond is crucial in protein synthesis. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. A double bond involves sharing two pairs of electrons, a hydrogen bond is a weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom, and a carboxyl bond is not a common term in biochemistry.