Nokea
What factor influences drug absorption?
- A. Kidney function
- B. Route of administration
- C. Liver function
- D. Cardiovascular function
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drug absorption is influenced by the route of administration. IV administration is the fastest method; drug absorption is slower when given orally. Kidney function impacts excretion, liver function impacts metabolism, and cardiovascular function impacts distribution.
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Secobarbital and ethanol when given together show:
- A. Additive sedative action
- B. Reduced sedative action
- C. Competitive antagonism
- D. Chemical antagonism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Both secobarbital (barbiturate) and ethanol are CNS depressants, resulting in additive sedation.
You are doing an admission assessment on a patient. During the medication history portion of the assessment what would be important to assess with herbal supplements?
- A. Research them for interactions with other medications
- B. Discontinue them if taking prescription medications
- C. Take them one hour before prescription medications
- D. Take them three hours after prescription medications
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Researching herbal interactions ensures safe integration with prescribed drugs, preventing adverse effects.
Which of the following drugs interacts with nitroglycerine by inhibiting the metabolism of cGMP?
- A. Amyl nitrite
- B. Sildenafil
- C. Isosorbide mononitrate
- D. Nifedipine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sildenafil, a PDE5 inhibitor, increases cGMP, enhancing nitroglycerin's hypotensive effect.
After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacokinetics, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as the first phase?
- A. Metabolism
- B. Absorption
- C. Distribution
- D. Excretion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics refers to the transportation activity of drugs in the body after administration. The first component is absorption. This is followed by distribution, metabolism, and finally excretion.
An older adult experiencing shortness of breath is brought to the hospital by her daughter. While obtaining the medication history from the patient and her daughter, the nurse discovers that neither has a list of the patient's current medications or prescriptions. The patient has a weekly pill dispenser that contains four different pills. The prescriptions are filled through the local pharmacy. Which resource would be appropriate to use in determining the medication names and doses?
- A. Martindale-The Complete Drug Reference
- B. Drugs and Facts Comparisons
- C. Senior citizens' center
- D. Patient's home pharmacy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's pharmacy maintains an accurate record of all current medications, making it the best resource for identifying the drugs and doses.