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What intervention(s) would the nurse preparing a teaching plan for the care of a child with infantile eczema include?
- A. Bathe the child using products with a light fragrance.
- B. Use oatmeal and baking soda as bath additives.
- C. Add bath oil to bath water after the child has soaked.
- D. Apply lanolin-based lotions after the bath.
- E. Bathe child several times a day.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Oatmeal and baking soda soothe eczema, and adding bath oil after soaking enhances effectiveness; fragranced products, lanolin, and frequent bathing are avoided.
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Which statement made by a parent indicates an understanding of the topical application of medications for a skin condition?
- A. I apply the medication after I give my child a bath.'
- B. I rub the ointment in a circular motion over the rash.'
- C. I increased the amount of cream because the rash was not improving.'
- D. I use powder and cornstarch to keep the skin dry.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying topical medications after a bath enhances absorption due to the skin being clean and moist.
What will the nurse include when teaching about general skin care measures that could help prevent acne?
- A. Eliminating chocolate, peanuts, and cola from the diet
- B. Washing the face with a cleansing product frequently
- C. Planning indoor activities to avoid sun exposure
- D. Eating a balanced diet and getting sufficient rest
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A balanced diet and sufficient rest promote overall skin health and help prevent acne exacerbations.
What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this rash?
- A. Sun exposure
- B. Allergic reaction
- C. Infection
- D. Heat and moisture
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Miliaria (prickly heat rash) is caused by excess heat and moisture, leading to pinhead-sized red papules.
What is the best nursing action?
- A. Report it immediately because it may be a staphylococcus infection.
- B. Keep the affected area dry and clean.
- C. Teach the parents how to care for seborrheic dermatitis.
- D. Chart the finding because it may be the beginning of a strawberry nevus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Small pustules on a newborn may indicate a staphylococcus infection, which is contagious and requires immediate reporting.
What is the most appropriate nursing action?
- A. Report this sign immediately.
- B. Place a warm towel over the extremities.
- C. Gently sponge with cool water.
- D. Medicate for pain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A purple flush in severe frostbite indicates returning sensation, causing pain that requires medication.