Nokea
What is the best action for the nurse to do?
- A. a. Leave the patient alone to rest in a quiet, calm environment.
- B. b. Stay with the patient and encourage slow, pursed lip breathing.
- C. c. Reassure the patient that the attack can be controlled with treatment.
- D. Let the patient know that frequent monitoring is being done using measurement of vital signs and SpO. 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best action for the nurse to do is to stay with the patient and encourage slow, pursed lip breathing. This helps the patient focus on their breathing and can help alleviate the asthma attack symptoms.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) includes
- A. Emphysema
- B. Bronchitis
- C. Asthma
- D. All these
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term that encompasses both emphysema and bronchitis. Emphysema is characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, while bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Asthma, on the other hand, is a separate condition characterized by reversible airway obstruction. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect, as only emphysema and bronchitis fall under the category of COPD.
A 19-year-old client comes to the emergency department with acute asthma. His respiratory rate is 44 breaths/minute, and he appears in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should be taken first?
- A. Take a full medical history.
- B. Give a bronchodilator by nebulizer.
- C. Apply a cardiac monitor to the client.
- D. Provide emotional support to the client.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Give a bronchodilator by nebulizer. In acute asthma, the priority is to relieve respiratory distress by opening up the airways. Bronchodilators help to quickly alleviate bronchospasm and improve airflow. This action should be taken first to improve the client's breathing. Taking a full medical history (A) can be important but is not the priority in this acute situation. Applying a cardiac monitor (C) is not the immediate concern in acute asthma. Providing emotional support (D) is also important but should come after ensuring the client's respiratory distress is managed.
The pneumotaxic center of the pons
- A. sets the at-rest respiratory pattern
- B. prolongs inspiration
- C. modifies the rate and depth of breathing
- D. suppresses the expiratory center in the medulla
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the pneumotaxic center in the pons modifies the rate and depth of breathing by sending inhibitory signals to the dorsal respiratory group in the medulla, which controls inspiration and expiration. It does not set the at-rest respiratory pattern like option A, prolong inspiration like option B, or suppress the expiratory center in the medulla like option D. This center plays a crucial role in fine-tuning breathing patterns to maintain appropriate oxygen levels in the body.
A charge nurse is rounding on several older clients on ventilators in the Intensive Care Unit whom the nurse identifies as being at high risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia. To reduce this risk what activity would the nurse delegate to the assistive personnel (AP)?
- A. Encourage between-meal snacks.
- B. Monitor temperature every 4 hours.
- C. Provide oral care every 4 hours.
- D. Report any new onset of cough.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide oral care every 4 hours. Oral care helps prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia by reducing the risk of oral bacteria being aspirated into the lungs. The AP can assist with oral care under the nurse's supervision.
A: Encouraging between-meal snacks does not directly address pneumonia risk.
B: Monitoring temperature is important but not specific to ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention.
D: Reporting new cough onset is important but does not directly reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
which component of pharynx received the Eustachian tube
- A. oropharynx
- B. laryngopharynx
- C. Nasopharynx
- D. none of these
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nasopharynx. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx, allowing for pressure equalization. The oropharynx (A) and laryngopharynx (B) do not directly receive the Eustachian tube. Choice D is incorrect as the Eustachian tube does connect to a specific part of the pharynx.