Nokea
What is the best advice for a patient with an ostomy regarding skin care?
- A. Avoid using skin barrier products, as they can cause irritation.
- B. Use a mild soap and water to clean the skin around the stoma.
- C. Only clean the stoma with alcohol wipes.
- D. Change the ostomy appliance every 24 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use a mild soap and water to clean the skin around the stoma. This is because gentle cleansing helps prevent skin irritation and infection. Cleaning with harsh products can damage the skin. Choice A is incorrect because skin barrier products are essential for protecting the skin. Choice C is incorrect as alcohol wipes can be too harsh and drying for the skin. Choice D is incorrect because ostomy appliances typically do not need to be changed daily unless there are specific issues.
You may also like to solve these questions
It is true to say the following about the motility of the gastrointestinal system:
- A. It is regulated neurally but not by hormones
- B. Emptying of the stomach is mainly by segmentation contractions
- C. Movement of chyme along the small intestine is mainly by the migrating motor complex
- D. Peristalsis is seen in most parts of the GIT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because peristalsis, a coordinated muscle contraction that propels food along the gastrointestinal tract, is indeed seen in most parts of the GIT. This process helps move food from the esophagus to the stomach, and then throughout the intestines for digestion and absorption. Peristalsis is essential for the proper functioning of the digestive system.
Choice A is incorrect because gastrointestinal motility is regulated by both neural and hormonal factors. Choice B is incorrect as the emptying of the stomach is mainly facilitated by the rhythmic contractions of the stomach muscles, not segmentation contractions. Choice C is incorrect as the movement of chyme along the small intestine is primarily due to segmentation and peristalsis, not the migrating motor complex.
Which of the following is FALSE about the enteric nervous system?
- A. It works through local control.
- B. It consists of enteric sensory and motor neurons.
- C. Enteric interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons together.
- D. The enteric neurons are incapable of controlling digestive tract functions without the central nervous system (CNS).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. The enteric nervous system can autonomously regulate digestive functions locally without input from the central nervous system.
2. Enteric sensory and motor neurons are key components of the enteric nervous system, responsible for detecting stimuli and coordinating gut movements.
3. Enteric interneurons play a crucial role in connecting sensory and motor neurons within the enteric nervous system.
4. Choice D is false because the enteric neurons are capable of controlling digestive tract functions independently from the central nervous system.
The low pH of the stomach activates enzymes that digest ______ while inactivating enzymes that digest ______.
- A. lipids; proteins
- B. proteins; starch
- C. starch; proteins
- D. nucleic acids; starch
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the low pH of the stomach activates pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins, while inactivating salivary amylase, an enzyme that digests starch. Pepsin works optimally in an acidic environment, breaking down proteins into peptides. Salivary amylase, on the other hand, works best at a neutral pH and is denatured in the acidic stomach, leading to its inactivation. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because lipids are primarily digested in the small intestine, and nucleic acids are not directly affected by the stomach's pH.
You would be most concerned about which client having an order for TPN (total parenteral nutrition) fat emulsion?
- A. A client with gastrointestinal obstruction
- B. A client with severe anorexia nervosa
- C. A client with chronic diarrhea and vomiting
- D. A client with a fractured femur
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. TPN fat emulsion can increase the risk of fat embolism in clients with fractures.
2. Fat embolism is a serious complication in clients with long bone fractures, like a fractured femur.
3. Clients with gastrointestinal issues, anorexia nervosa, chronic diarrhea, or vomiting are not at increased risk for fat embolism.
4. Monitoring for signs of fat embolism is crucial in clients receiving TPN fat emulsion to prevent complications.
The nurse is obtaining a history of a patient with hepatitis Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
- A. "If using drugs, do you share needles?"
- B. "Do you always practice safe sex?"
- C. "You traveled to Canada in the last month?"
- D. "Do you eat shellfish often?"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because consuming contaminated shellfish can lead to Hepatitis A infection. It is important to ask about dietary habits to identify potential sources of infection. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes drug use, which may not be relevant to the patient. Choice B is more focused on sexual behavior rather than Hepatitis transmission. Choice C is irrelevant unless there was a known Hepatitis outbreak in Canada.