Nokea
What is the most appropriate action?
- A. Induce vomiting by giving the child syrup of ipecac.
- B. Take the child to the local emergency department.
- C. Give the child activated charcoal mixed with juice.
- D. Give the child milk to soothe affected mucous membranes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Taking the child to the emergency department with the ingested substance's packaging is the safest action for dishwashing detergent ingestion.
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What does the nurse suspect based on this information?
- A. Pinworms
- B. Giardiasis
- C. Ringworm
- D. Roundworm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anal itching and scratching are characteristic symptoms of pinworm infection.
What would the nurse expect to find in a child admitted to the hospital for nonorganic failure to thrive?
- A. Cry to be picked up
- B. Be limp like a rag doll
- C. Be responsive to cuddling
- D. Weigh in the 10th percentile for age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rag-doll limpness (hypotonia) is a characteristic finding in nonorganic failure to thrive, often with wariness of caregivers.
What will be included regarding primary sources of lead in the community?
- A. Increased lead content of air
- B. Use of aluminum cookware
- C. Deteriorating paint in older buildings
- D. Inhaling smog
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deteriorating paint in older buildings is a primary source of lead exposure in children.
What assessment(s) would lead a nurse to suspect Hirschsprung's disease in a 1-month-old infant?
- A. Ribbon-like stools
- B. Fever
- C. Failure to thrive
- D. Vomiting
- E. Diminished peristalsis
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Ribbon-like stools, fever, failure to thrive, vomiting, and diminished peristalsis are all indicative of Hirschsprung's disease due to intestinal obstruction.
Why are infants more vulnerable to fluid and electrolyte imbalances than adults?
- A. They have a smaller surface area than adults in proportion to body weight.
- B. Water needs and losses per kilogram are lower than those for adults.
- C. A greater percentage of body water in infants is extracellular.
- D. Infants have a lower metabolic turnover of water.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A higher percentage of extracellular water in infants increases their vulnerability to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.