Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology Related

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What is the name of the process in the lungs by which oxygen is transported from the air to the blood?

  • A. osmosis
  • B. diffusion
  • C. dissipation
  • D. reverse osmosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, diffusion. Diffusion is the process by which oxygen moves from an area of high concentration (in the air) to an area of low concentration (in the blood) through the alveoli in the lungs. Osmosis involves the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane, not oxygen molecules. Dissipation refers to the dispersal or scattering of something. Reverse osmosis is a process used in water purification, which is not relevant to the transport of oxygen in the lungs.

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Which structure is found in the upper respiratory tract?

  • A. Bronchi.
  • B. Alveoli
  • C. Pharynx.
  • D. Lungs.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale:

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  • A. To digest food
  • B. To control body movement
  • C. To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • D. To circulate blood
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of the respiratory system is to transport oxygen from the air into the body and remove carbon dioxide from the body. Oxygen is necessary for cells to produce energy through a process called cellular respiration, and carbon dioxide is a waste product that needs to be eliminated. Therefore, the correct answer is C, 'To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.' Digesting food (choice A) is the primary function of the digestive system, controlling body movement (choice B) is the role of the muscular system, and circulating blood (choice D) is the function of the circulatory system.

Which hormone is responsible for preparing the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?

  • A. FSH
  • B. Estrogen
  • C. LH
  • D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Estrogen is the hormone responsible for initiating the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy. Estrogen helps thicken the endometrial lining, which is crucial for the implantation of a fertilized egg. It plays a vital role in the menstrual cycle and is primarily produced by the ovaries.

In which cavity are the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs found?

  • A. Pelvic
  • B. Abdominal
  • C. Thoracic
  • D. Pleural
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pelvic. The urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are located in the pelvic cavity. The pelvic cavity is situated below the abdominal cavity and houses various organs, including the urinary bladder and reproductive organs. The abdominal cavity contains organs like the stomach, liver, and intestines, while the thoracic cavity houses the lungs and heart. Pleural is an incorrect choice as it is related to the lining around the lungs.

The distal end of the two bones that articulate with the carpals are broken. Which bones are these?

  • A. Ulna and radius.
  • B. Metacarpals and phalanx.
  • C. Humerus and ulna.
  • D. Humerus and radius.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale:

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