Nokea
What is the priority intervention in the emergency department for the patient with a stroke?
- A. Intravenous fluid replacement
- B. Administration of osmotic diuretics to reduce cerebral edema
- C. Initiation of hypothermia to decrease the oxygen needs of the brain
- D. Maintenance of respiratory function with a patent airway and oxygen administration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a patent airway and oxygenation is critical in the initial management of stroke
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Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems?
- A. vision
- B. taste
- C. baroreception
- D. proprioception
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Baroreception is the correct answer because it is a sensory input related to monitoring blood pressure, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. Vision, taste, and proprioception are sensory inputs that are part of both the somatic and autonomic systems. Vision and taste involve sensory information processed by both systems, while proprioception provides information about body position and movement, which is essential for both systems to coordinate responses.
Which type of drug could be used to treat asthma by opening airways wider?
- A. sympatholytic drug
- B. sympathomimetic drug
- C. anticholinergic drug
- D. parasympathomimetic drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: sympathomimetic drug. Sympathomimetic drugs stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to bronchodilation and opening of airways wider, which is beneficial in treating asthma.
A: Sympatholytic drugs inhibit the sympathetic nervous system and would not be effective in widening airways in asthma treatment.
C: Anticholinergic drugs block the action of acetylcholine, which can cause bronchoconstriction and are not used to widen airways in asthma.
D: Parasympathomimetic drugs stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to bronchoconstriction and are not used to treat asthma by opening airways wider.
A client has had multiple sclerosis (MS) for 15 years and has received various drug therapies. What is the primary reason why the nurse has found it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of the drugs that the client has used?
- A. The client exhibits intolerance to many drugs
- B. The client experiences spontaneous remissions from time to time
- C. The client requires multiple drugs simultaneously
- D. The client endures long periods of exacerbation before the illness responds to a particular drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MS is characterized by periods of relapse and remission, making it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapies due to spontaneous improvements.
A graduate nurse is taking a test on neurological conditions. Which of the following nursing interventions is used as a gastrointestinal preventative measure for the client with intracranial pressure?
- A. Insertion of an NG tube
- B. Administration of a histamine antagonist (Pepcid)
- C. Sips of clear fluid
- D. Insertion of a rectal tube
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Histamine antagonists help prevent stress ulcers in clients with intracranial pressure.
While shopping, Marnie Smith, RN, sees a man on the floor in the shopping center having tonic-clonic movements. Her first action is to
- A. place her pen between his teeth and over his tongue
- B. restrain the movements of the extremities
- C. place a sweater under his head
- D. turn the patient into the prone position
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Protecting the head and ensuring safety is the priority during a seizure.