Nokea
Which assessment finding should you report immediately for a patient with fractures of the medial ulna and radius?
- A. The patient complains of pressure and pain.
- B. The cast is in place and is dry and intact.
- C. The skin is pink and warm to touch.
- D. The patient can move all fingers and thumb.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pressure and pain could indicate complications such as compartment syndrome, necessitating immediate medical attention.
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Which is the only current medicinal treatment for ALS, which appears to affect the release of the neurotransmitter glutamate?
- A. riluzole
- B. benserazide
- C. carbidopa
- D. levodopa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Riluzole is the only FDA-approved medication for ALS. It works by reducing the release of glutamate, a neurotransmitter that can cause excitotoxicity and damage neurons when present in excessive amounts.
Surgical intervention is being considered for a patient with trigeminal neuralgia. The nurse recognizes that which procedure has the least residual effects with a positive outcome?
- A. Glycerol rhizotomy
- B. Gamma knife radiosurgery
- C. Microvascular decompression
- D. Percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gamma knife radiosurgery offers minimal residual effects with good outcomes.
During an acute exacerbation, a patient with SLE is treated with corticosteroids. The nurse would expect the corticosteroids to begin to be tapered when which serum laboratory results are evident?
- A. Decreased anti-DNA
- B. Increased complement
- C. Increased red blood cells (RBCs)
- D. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased complement indicates reduced disease activity.
While shopping, Marnie Smith, RN, sees a man on the floor in the shopping center having tonic-clonic movements. Her first action is to
- A. place her pen between his teeth and over his tongue
- B. restrain the movements of the extremities
- C. place a sweater under his head
- D. turn the patient into the prone position
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Protecting the head and ensuring safety is the priority during a seizure.
The nurse suspects that a patient will be diagnosed as being in a comatose state based upon the Glasgow Coma Scale score. What score does the patient need to have to be identified as comatose?
- A. 7
- B. 9
- C. 11
- D. 13
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A GCS score of 7 or less indicates a comatose state, while a score of 15 indicates full alertness. Scores of 9, 11, and 13 suggest varying degrees of neurological impairment but not coma. Recognizing a comatose state is critical for patient management.