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What is the role of hCG injections in fertility treatments?
- A. To prevent ovulation during stimulation cycles.
- B. To trigger the release of mature eggs from the ovary.
- C. To enhance the quality of embryos for transfer.
- D. To suppress uterine contractions post-implantation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To trigger the release of mature eggs from the ovary. hCG injections are commonly used in fertility treatments to induce ovulation by mimicking the hormone LH, which triggers the release of mature eggs from the ovary. This is crucial for assisted reproductive techniques like in vitro fertilization.
A: Incorrect. hCG injections do not prevent ovulation; instead, they promote it.
C: Incorrect. hCG injections do not directly enhance the quality of embryos.
D: Incorrect. hCG injections are not used to suppress uterine contractions post-implantation; they are primarily for ovulation induction.
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A patient undergoing IVF asks about the role of gonadotropins. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Gonadotropins suppress ovulation to control the cycle.
- B. They stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for retrieval.
- C. They are only used during natural conception cycles.
- D. Gonadotropins replace progesterone in early pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because gonadotropins stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for retrieval during IVF. This is crucial to increase the chances of successful fertilization. Choice A is incorrect as gonadotropins actually stimulate ovulation. Choice C is incorrect as gonadotropins are specifically used in assisted reproductive technologies like IVF. Choice D is incorrect as gonadotropins do not replace progesterone but rather help in follicular development.
What is the significance of cervical mucus changes during the menstrual cycle?
- A. Cervical mucus changes confirm pregnancy.
- B. It becomes clear and stretchy during ovulation, indicating peak fertility.
- C. Cervical mucus changes have no relevance to fertility.
- D. It only occurs after ovulation and signals the end of fertility.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It becomes clear and stretchy during ovulation, indicating peak fertility. Cervical mucus changes during the menstrual cycle are important as they reflect the hormonal changes that occur. During ovulation, cervical mucus becomes clear, watery, and stretchy, resembling egg whites. This type of mucus promotes sperm survival and motility, indicating the most fertile period for conception. The other choices are incorrect because cervical mucus changes do not confirm pregnancy (A), are indeed relevant to fertility (C), and do not only occur after ovulation but actually signal peak fertility during ovulation (D).
A client's amniocentesis results were reported as 46, XY. Her obstetrician informed her at the time that everything 'looks good.' Shortly after birth the baby is diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Which of the following responses will explain this result?
- A. It is likely that the client received the wrong amniocentesis results.
- B. Cerebral palsy is not a genetic disease.
- C. The genes that cause cerebral palsy have not yet been discovered.
- D. The genetics lab failed to test for cerebral palsy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cerebral palsy is not typically caused by genetic factors.
Which instruction by the nurse should be included in the teaching plan for an infertile woman who has been shown to have a 28-day biphasic menstrual cycle?
- A. Douche with a cider vinegar solution immediately before having intercourse.
- B. Schedule intercourse every day from day 8 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
- C. Be placed on follicle-stimulating hormone therapy by the fertility specialist.
- D. Assess the basal body temperature pattern for at least 6 more months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intercourse during the fertile window (days 8–14 in a 28-day cycle) maximizes conception chances.
The nurse is analyzing the pedigree shown below. How should the nurse interpret the genotype of the individual in location II-4?
- A. Affected male.
- B. Unaffected female.
- C. Stillborn child.
- D. Child of unknown sex.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symbol indicates an affected male.