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What must a patient in the late stages of dependence do in order to recover?
- A. Gain insight into the addiction.
- B. Receive treatment for substance abuse.
- C. Pledge to lead a completely different lifestyle.
- D. Seek a nondrug-oriented support system.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Very few people in the late stage of dependence will recover without treatment. The other options may aid in the recovery, but it is the treatment that is essential for recovery.
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The nurse reminds a group of high school students that most states have laws limiting blood alcohol levels of drivers. What is the legal blood alcohol serum level in most states?
- A. 0.08%
- B. 0.20%
- C. 0.40%
- D. 0.50%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most states designate blood alcohol serum levels of 0.08% as the legal limit for driving a motor vehicle.
The nurse assesses an alcoholic patient carefully for signs of withdrawal. How soon after cessation of alcohol intake do withdrawal symptoms usually appear?
- A. 3 hours
- B. 4 hours
- C. 5 hours
- D. 6 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Withdrawal signs can occur as early as 6 hours after cessation of alcohol intake and sometimes last for 3 to 5 days.
What should the nurse do to decrease the damage of bruxism seen in a patient who has been abusing the drug ecstasy?
- A. Turn the patient to his right side.
- B. Elevate the head of the bed 30 degrees.
- C. Provide the patient with a pacifier.
- D. Administer a muscle relaxant.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The use of an infant pacifier will reduce the damage to the teeth for a patient who is manifesting bruxism (grinding of the teeth).
Alcohol is involved in motor vehicle accidents, suicides, and homicides. Approximately how many deaths each year are related to alcohol consumption?
- A. 58,000
- B. 78,000
- C. 88,000
- D. 108,000
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: About 88,000 deaths each year are related to alcohol consumption.
When a patient is admitted with an overdose of an opioid narcotic, the nurse should anticipate an order for which drug to reverse the effects of the narcotic?
- A. Clonidine
- B. Narcan
- C. Orlaam
- D. Methadone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Opioid overdose treatment involves administering Narcan as prescribed to reverse the effects of the narcotic.