Nokea
What nursing interventions are most critical for a client diagnosed with encephalitis?
- A. Evaluating the client's ventilation capacity and lung sounds frequently.
- B. Observing closely for signs of respiratory distress.
- C. Administering an indwelling urethral catheter.
- D. Monitoring vital signs and LOC frequently.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Respiratory distress is a potential complication requiring close monitoring.
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A husband visiting his wife in the hospital suddenly becomes confused and has difficulty with speech and starts slurring his words. The physician caring for his wife recognizes this as a cerebrovascular accident. What would you expect the physician to do?
- A. Administer TPA since this is within 3 hours of the CVS.
- B. Assess if the husband had an ischemic or hemorrhagic CVS.
- C. Tell the husband to go home, get rest, and to call the physician in the morning if the symptoms continue.
- D. Admit the husband and place him on bed rest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It's critical to determine the type of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) before treatment.
For what purpose would the nurse use the Mini-Mental State Examination to evaluate a patient with cognitive impairment?
- A. It is a good tool to determine the etiology of dementia.
- B. It is a good tool to evaluate mood and thought processes.
- C. It can help to document the degree of cognitive impairment in delirium and dementia.
- D. It is useful for initial evaluation of mental status but additional tools are needed to evaluate changes in cognition over time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The MMSE documents cognitive impairment in delirium and dementia
In reviewing Mrs. Post's laboratory results, which abnormal test is most likely to confirm the diagnosis?
- A. Sedimentation rate
- B. Rheumatoid factor
- C. LE cells
- D. Antinuclear antibody
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antinuclear antibodies are highly indicative of systemic lupus erythematosus.
The patient works on a computer 8 hours each day. What kind of repetitive strain injury would be expected in this patient?
- A. Meniscus injury
- B. Rotator cuff injury
- C. Radial-ulnar fracture
- D. Carpal tunnel syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common repetitive strain injury associated with prolonged computer use.
In most cases, when diagnosing a neurological disorder such as dementia, the clinician will endeavour to classify it according to its cause. Which of the following is a specific cause that has been identified?:
- A. Alzheimer's Disease.
- B. Pick's Disease.
- C. Parkinson's Disease.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neurological disorders like dementia can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Pick's disease is a rare form of dementia associated with frontotemporal lobe degeneration, while Parkinson's disease can lead to dementia due to the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons.