Nokea
What was one of the major strides in pediatric care made by Dr. Abraham Jacobi?
- A. Pediatric wards in hospitals
- B. Free inoculations against smallpox
- C. Milk stations in the city of New York
- D. Serving nutritious foods in orphanages
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dr. Abraham Jacobi, referred to as the father of pediatrics, initiated the establishment of milk stations in New York demonstrating how to sanitize milk for children.
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When discussing growth and development with the parents of a child, the nurse explains that nutrition is the single most important influence on:
- A. cognitive development.
- B. secondary sexual characteristics.
- C. the production of blood cells.
- D. the growth of bones and muscle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrition is probably the single most important influence on growth.
A disfiguring facial wound would have the most significant developmental impact on which child?
- A. 4-year-old
- B. 6-year-old
- C. 10-year-old
- D. 14-year-old
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The adolescent fears a change in body image associated with surgery.
What should the nurse do to minimize an unpleasant-tasting drug?
- A. Pour the drug over ice.
- B. Squirt the drug in the mouth with a syringe.
- C. Administer the drug through a straw.
- D. Enlist the parent's assistance.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering the drug through a straw will diminish an unpleasant taste. Having the child hold the nose is helpful, as bad taste is associated with the smell of the drug. Pouring the drug over ice may result in the child not getting the entire amount of the drug. Squirting the drug into the mouth with a syringe will still allow the child to taste the medication. The parent's assistance should be enlisted, but will not minimize the taste of the drug.
When attempting to provide information to the parents of a child undergoing surgery, the nurse notes that the parents appear confused and do not seem to remember what they are being told. What is the most probable cause of the parents' forgetfulness?
- A. Noisy environment
- B. Serious nature of surgery
- C. Increased level of parents' anxiety
- D. Developmental age of the child
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anxiety of the parents may result in confusion and forgetfulness. It is not known if the environment is noisy, if the surgery is serious in nature, or what is the developmental age of the child.
When using anticipatory guidance to prepare a 5-year-old for an IM injection, what statement by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Ethan, I'm going to give you a shot.
- B. Ethan, the health care provider wants you to have some medicine, and it will hurt.
- C. Ethan, some medicine can only be given with a needle.
- D. Ethan, I am going to give you some medicine that will sting, but only for a little while.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anticipatory guidance is the psychological preparation of a patient for a stressful event by explaining what will happen and the probable outcome.