Nokea
When communicating with a Muslim patient about end-of-life issues, which of the following statements best shows respect and mindfulness about Muslim beliefs?
- A. Death is expected soon
- B. We are fighting a losing battle
- C. We need to start considering options for hospice care
- D. No one knows when, where, or how someone will die
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This reflects Islamic belief in divine will, showing cultural sensitivity.
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Self is an ongoing process that combines the 'I' and 'ME'. The 'ME' refers to
- A. None of these
- B. All of these are correct
- C. The image we have of how other people react to us
- D. The spontaneous force that fosters unpredictable behavior
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The 'ME' (Mead) is the social self, shaped by others' perceptions.
Undesirable behaviour is also weakened or eliminated by
- A. Positive reinforcement
- B. Extinction
- C. Equilibrium
- D. All of these
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Extinction removes reinforcement to weaken behavior (Skinner).
Which of these is not a pitfall of Ecosystems Theory?
- A. May value the status quo and avoid any real change to avoid disruptions within the family or to ensure stability
- B. Existing circumstances may be accepted as givens. The focus may be to make adjustments within those limits, instead of challenging the limits.
- C. One must master many interventive skills to address issues at all system levels which is not realistic.
- D. There is an inattention to power differences in family and in the community regarding interpretations
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Attention to power differences is a strength, not a pitfall, of ecosystems theory.
A patient is admitted in a comatose state after ingesting 30 capsules of pentobarbital sodium. A friend of the patient says, 'Often my friend drinks, along with taking more of the drug than is ordered.' What is the effect of the use of alcohol with this drug?
- A. The drug’s metabolism is stimulated.
- B. The drug’s effect is diminished.
- C. A synergistic effect occurs.
- D. There is no effect.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A synergistic effect occurs. When alcohol is consumed with pentobarbital sodium, both substances depress the central nervous system. This results in an enhanced sedative effect, leading to respiratory depression, coma, and potentially death. The combined effect of the two substances is greater than the sum of their individual effects. Choices A and B are incorrect as alcohol does not stimulate the metabolism of pentobarbital sodium nor diminish its effect. Choice D is also incorrect as there is a significant effect when alcohol is combined with this drug.
Support refers to tangible items
- A. Companionship
- B. Social
- C. Instrumental
- D. Friendship
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Instrumental support provides tangible aid (e.g., goods).