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When evaluating a community's health promotion needs, what is the first step the nurse should take?
- A. Conduct interviews with community members.
- B. Organize a health fair for the entire community.
- C. Forecast future healthcare needs.
- D. Assess the outcomes of previous projects.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Conducting interviews with community members is a crucial first step when evaluating a community's health promotion needs. These interviews can provide valuable insights into the community's health concerns, behaviors, and needs.
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The nurse is screening for hypertension at a local health fair. A community resident has a blood pressure reading of 138/80 mm Hg. What interventions should the nurse implement for this client? Select all that apply.
- A. Encourage the client to “keep doing whatever you are doing.â€.
- B. Assess the client's lifestyle and other risk factors for hypertension.
- C. Ask the client about any current antihypertensive medications.
- D. Obtain another blood pressure reading to verify the first reading.
- E. Recommend further evaluation for possible pre-hypertension.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Assessing the client's lifestyle and other risk factors for hypertension, asking about current antihypertensive medications, obtaining another blood pressure reading to verify the first reading, and recommending further evaluation for possible pre-hypertension are all appropriate interventions for a client with a blood pressure reading of 138/80 mm Hg, which indicates possible pre-hypertension.
The community health center has observed a significant increase in influenza cases compared to previous years. The nursing staff is tasked with reviewing outcome data to identify any trends in vaccination rates and reasons for any decline. What actions should the nursing team take to gather data for analysis?
- A. Delineate the geographic distribution of the area to survey and review for patterns.
- B. Ask a set number of clients if they have had the flu.
- C. Generate influenza immunization and case reports from the electronic record.
- D. Determine the change in immunization rates from the previous year to the current year.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Generating influenza immunization and case reports from the electronic record would provide direct data about the number of people who have been vaccinated and the number of influenza cases. This information could be used to identify trends and understand reasons for any decline in vaccination rates.
After assessing the health needs of an elementary school, the nurse identifies that an increased incidence of bicycle injuries is a significant issue. The nurse develops a 2-month program with the goal of eliminating bicycle injuries in the school. The program includes educational pamphlets sent home to parents and two educational sessions conducted by the school nurse. What action should the nurse take to evaluate the effectiveness of the program?
- A. Determine the type of bicycle injuries each child sustained before conducting the sessions.
- B. Survey parents after one month to assess their understanding of the educational pamphlet.
- C. Compare the incidence of bicycle injuries at the beginning and end of the program.
- D. Conduct an initial survey of the children to determine their knowledge of bicycle safety.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Comparing the incidence of bicycle injuries at the beginning and end of the program directly measures the impact of the program on the issue it was designed to address. If the program is effective, there should be a noticeable decrease in the incidence of bicycle injuries.
The school nurse is conducting an audit of incident reports for adolescent students. Which finding is the best indication that the Healthy People 2030 objectives are being addressed?
- A. The number of requests for pregnancy testing is higher than last year.
- B. Decrease in the number of sick days.
- C. Increase in the number of students participating in physical education.
- D. Improvement in the overall health of the student population.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An improvement in the overall health of the student population is the best indication that the Healthy People 2030 objectives are being addressed. The Healthy People 2030 objectives aim to improve health and well-being nationwide. Therefore, an improvement in the overall health of the student population suggests that these objectives are being met.
The epidemiological triad can be utilized to devise strategies for preventing farm machinery injuries. What action should the nurse take to concentrate on the agent?
- A. Convert written vehicle instructions into a pictorial format.
- B. Educate farm workers not to smoke around farm equipment.
- C. Offer rehabilitation services to injured farm workers.
- D. Collaborate with lawmakers to mandate safe tractor design.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Collaborating with lawmakers to mandate safe tractor design can have a significant impact on reducing farm machinery injuries. By addressing the issue at the design level, many injuries can be prevented.