Nokea
When melatonin is used to induce sleep, the recommendation is that the patient:
- A. Take 10 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly
- B. Take 1 to 5 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly
- C. Not take melatonin more than three nights a week
- D. Combine melatonin with zolpidem (Ambien) for the greatest impact on sleep
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 1-5 mg of melatonin 30 minutes before bed is the recommended dose for sleep induction.
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Which statement(s) will be included when planning patient teaching regarding drug names?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Most drug companies place their products on the market under generic names
- B. The official name is the name under which the drug is listed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- C. Brand names are easier to pronounce, spell, and remember
- D. The first letter of the generic name is not capitalized
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The official name is listed by the FDA , brand names are easier for patients , and generic names are not capitalized . Most drugs are marketed under brand names, not generic.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for Pramlintide for type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Take oral medications 1 hr before injection.
- B. Use upper arms as preferred injection sites.
- C. Mix pramlintide with breakfast dose of insulin.
- D. Inject pramlintide just before a meal.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Injecting before meals and discarding after 28 days are key for pramlintide; it's not mixed with insulin.
What does the lipid solubility of the drug influence?
- A. Absorption of the drug
- B. Metabolism of the drug
- C. Excretion of the drug
- D. Distribution of the drug
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Factors that can affect distribution include the drug's lipid solubility and ionization and the perfusion of the reactive tissue. The lipid solubility of a drug does not influence absorption, metabolism, or excretion.
Phil is starting treatment with febuxostat (Uloric). Education of patients starting febuxostat includes:
- A. Gout may worsen with therapy
- B. Febuxostat may cause severe diarrhea
- C. He should consume a high-calcium diet
- D. He will need frequent CBC monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Febuxostat can initially worsen gout as uric acid mobilizes; diarrhea or calcium aren't emphasized.
What is the fraction of unchanged drug reaching the systemic circulation?
- A. Elimination
- B. Bioavailability
- C. Metabolism
- D. Drug displacement
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bioavailability is defined as the fraction of unchanged drug that reaches systemic circulation, a key pharmacokinetic parameter.