Nokea
When providing drug therapy to a patient what is a responsibility of the nurse?
- A. Teaching the patient how to cope with the effects of the drug to ensure the best outcome
- B. Helping the patient analyze the physiological and pathological effects of drugs
- C. Warning the patient how most patients respond to the drug therapy
- D. Encouraging the patient to increase or decrease dosages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Teaching patients how to manage drug effects promotes adherence and optimal outcomes, aligning with the nurse's educational role in drug therapy.
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A patient presents to the emergency department with a drug level of 50 units/mL. The half-life of this drug is 1 hour. With this drug, concentrations above 25 units/mL are considered toxic and no more drug is given. How long will it take for the blood level to reach the non-toxic range?
- A. 30 minutes
- B. 1 hour
- C. 2 hours
- D. 3 hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Half-life is the time required for the serum concentration of a drug to decrease by 50%. After 1 hour, the serum concentration would be 25 units/mL (50/2) if the body can properly metabolize and excrete the drug. After 2 hours, the serum concentration would be 12.5 units/mL (25/2) and reach the nontoxic range. In 30 minutes the drug level would be 37.5 units/mL, whereas in 3 hours the drug level would be 6.25.
According to the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study of dietary intake, the group at highest risk for inadequate calcium intake was:
- A. The elderly (over age 60 years)
- B. Teenage females
- C. Teenage males
- D. Preschoolers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teenage females are at high risk for inadequate calcium intake due to dietary habits and growth demands.
A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- C. Furosemide (Lasix)
- D. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
A nurse is caring for a client who states she has been taking Phenylephrine nasal drops for the past 10 days for Sinusitis. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Sedation
- B. Nasal congestion
- C. Productive cough
- D. Constipation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prolonged phenylephrine use can cause rebound nasal congestion due to vasoconstrictor overuse.
Candesartan and irbesartan are angiotensin receptor blockers that are used to treat hypertension. The therapeutic dose range for candesartan is 4 to 32 mg, as compared to 75 to 300 mg for irbesartan. which of the following regarding this statement is correct?
- A. Candesartan is more potent than is irbesartan
- B. Candesartan and irbesartan have different efficacy
- C. Candesartan is a non competitive antagonist for irbesartan
- D. Irbesartan is a competitive antagonist for candesartan
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lower dose range for candesartan indicates higher potency (lower EC50) compared to irbesartan.