Nokea
Which amino acid is not found in protein?
- A. ornithine
- B. arginine
- C. valine
- D. aspartic acid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ornithine. Ornithine is not a standard amino acid found in protein structures but is involved in the urea cycle. Arginine, valine, and aspartic acid are all standard amino acids that are commonly found in proteins. Ornithine is not incorporated into proteins during translation, making it the correct choice.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient presents with an anaphylactic reaction following a bee sting. Which of the following is the drug of choice for treating the multiple cardiovascular and pulmonary problems that, if not promptly corrected, could lead to the patient’s death?
- A. Atropine
- B. Diphenhydramine
- C. Epinephrine
- D. Isoproterenol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epinephrine. Epinephrine is the drug of choice for treating anaphylactic reactions due to its ability to rapidly reverse the cardiovascular and pulmonary symptoms. It acts by constricting blood vessels, increasing heart rate, and opening up the airways, which helps counteract the potentially life-threatening effects of anaphylaxis. Atropine (A) is used for bradycardia, Diphenhydramine (B) for mild allergic reactions, and Isoproterenol (D) for bradycardia or heart block. Epinephrine is the most appropriate choice in this scenario due to its immediate and broad-spectrum effects in managing anaphylactic reactions.
A floor nurse pages you about a patient who is having chest pain. You order an electrocardiogram and rush to see the patient. He describes the pain as tight pressure and is demonstrably sweating and gasping for air. The ECG comes back with acute ST-segment elevations in inferior leads, and you diagnose a myocardial infarction. You start giving the patient oxygen and give him sublingual nitroglycerin and morphine for pain. You also give him another medication, which you have read may prolong his survival in this situation. What class of medication is it?
- A. β-Blocker
- B. α-Agonist
- C. Muscarinic agonist
- D. Neuromuscular blocker
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: β-Blocker. β-Blockers are indicated in the management of myocardial infarction as they help reduce myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility. This results in less strain on the heart muscle and can improve survival outcomes. Additionally, β-blockers can prevent arrhythmias and reduce the risk of recurrent infarction. In this scenario, where the patient is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevations, the use of a β-blocker is crucial in managing the condition and improving the patient's prognosis.
Summary of other choices:
B: α-Agonist - Not indicated in the management of myocardial infarction.
C: Muscarinic agonist - Not indicated in the management of myocardial infarction.
D: Neuromuscular blocker - Not indicated in the management of myocardial infarction.
In a patient with an elevated serum cortisol, what would the nurse expect other laboratory findings to reveal?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hyponatremia
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Decreased serum triglycerides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated cortisol levels can lead to hypokalemia, as cortisol influences the balance of sodium and potassium in the body.
Adonis arrives at the gym and spots a dumbbell he wants to use. When attempting to lift the weight, his biceps brachii contract, but the weight is not moved because it is too heavy. This is called?
- A. Isometric contraction
- B. Concentric contraction
- C. Eccentric contraction
- D. Incomplete tetanus
Correct Answer: a
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Isometric contraction. In isometric contraction, the muscle contracts but there is no movement at the joint. In this scenario, Adonis's biceps brachii contract but the weight is not moved, indicating an isometric contraction. In concentric contraction (B), the muscle shortens to move the weight upward. In eccentric contraction (C), the muscle lengthens while under tension, controlling the descent of the weight. Incomplete tetanus (D) refers to a state where muscle fibers are stimulated rapidly but not at the maximum rate to produce sustained contractions.
Effects of Hypothyroidism Include All but This
- A. Diarrhoea
- B. Lethargy
- C. Anorexia
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diarrhoea. Hypothyroidism is associated with decreased metabolic function, leading to symptoms such as lethargy, anorexia, and weight gain. Diarrhoea is not typically a symptom of hypothyroidism; instead, it can be seen in conditions like hyperthyroidism where there is an excess of thyroid hormone. In hypothyroidism, the digestive processes slow down, which can lead to constipation rather than diarrhoea. Therefore, the effects of hypothyroidism do not include diarrhoea.